Figure 4.

Hyaluronate decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines and increased the expression of repair factors in vivo. The RNA levels of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β (a) and MMP-9 (b), and those of repair factors, including FN (c) and CD44 (d), were determined by real-time PCR at 1, 2, and 7 d after injury in the control and 0.3 HA groups. The data are the mean ± SEM and represent individual experiments, each including 5 animals/group/time. ^∗ p < 0.05; ^∗∗ p < 0.01; ^∗∗∗ p < 0.001.