Table 3.
Predictors associated with overweight and/or obesity in multivariable logistic regression analysis for Ethiopian schoolchildren.
| Variables (n = 174) | Overweight and/or Obese | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||||
| Number (%) | Number (%) | ||||
| Vitamin D status 1 | |||||
| Deficient | 14 (77.8) | 59 (37.8) | 5.75 (1.81, 18.31) | 4.59 (1.11, 18.91) | |
| Normal | 4 (22.2) | 97 (62.2) | Referent | Referent | |
| Serum 25(OH)D level 1 | 0.945 (0.91, 0.98) | 0.946 (0.89, 0.99) µ | |||
| Residence * | |||||
| Urban | 15 (83.3) | 74 (47.4) | 5.54 (1.54, 19.90) | 5.29 (1.45, 19.36) | |
| Rural | 3 (16.7) | 82 (52.6) | Referent | Referent | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 2 (11.1) | 73 (46.8) | Referent | Referent | |
| Female | 16 (88.9) | 83 (53.2) | 7.04 (1.57, 31.64) | 7.72 (1.52, 39.30) | |
| Age groups | |||||
| 11–14 | 3 (16.7) | 74 (47.4) | Referent | Referent | |
| 15–18 | 15 (83.3) | 82 (52.6) | 4.51 (1.26, 16.21) | 6.66 (1.46, 30.29) | |
| Education (Father) | |||||
| Formal education | 14 (77.9) | 106 (67.9) | Referent | Referent | |
| No formal education | 50 (32.1) | 4 (22.1) | 0.61 (0.19, 1.93) | ** | |
| Education (Mother) | |||||
| Formal education | 13 (72.2) | 84 (53.8) | Referent | Referent | |
| No formal education | 5 (27.8) | 72 (46.2) | 0.45 (0.15, 1.32) | 1.31 (0.28, 6.05) | |
| Occupation (Father) | |||||
| Employed | 6 (33.3) | 44 (28.2) | ** | ||
| Unemployed | 12 (66.7) | 112 (71.8) | Referent | Referent | |
| Occupation (Mother) | |||||
| Employed | 5 (27.8) | 21 (13.5) | 2.473 (0.79, 7.65) | 5.26 (1.09, 25.36) | |
| Unemployed | 13 (72.2) | 135 (86.5) | Referent | Referent | |
| Socioeconomic status | |||||
| Low | 3 (6.7) | 57 (36.6) | Referent | Referent | |
| Middle | 8 (44.4) | 45 (28.8) | 0.41 (0.10,1.65) | 17.89 (1.12, 87.18) | |
| High | 7 (38.9) | 54 (34.6) | 1.37 (0.46, 4.07) | 10.90 (2.14, 55.47) | |
| Daily outdoor activity on school days | |||||
| <30 min | 8 (44.4) | 25 (16.0) | 4.19 (1.51, 11.67) | 0.89 (0.21, 3.77) | |
| ≥30 min | 10 (55.6) | 131 (84.0) | Referent | Referent | |
| Daily outdoor activity on weekend days | |||||
| <30 min | 11 (61.1) | 32 (20.5) | 6.09 (2.19, 16.96) | 2.33 (0.46, 11.79) | |
| ≥30 min | 7 (38.9) | 124 (79.5) | Referent | Referent | |
1 Estimation of parameters was done by entering both forms of the variable into the model separately to avoid collinearity between them; COR = Crude Odds Ratio; AOR = Adjusted Odds Ratio; CI = confidence interval; * Controlled for age groups, vitamin D status and socioeconomic status; ** No AOR reported as both paternal education and occupation were not entered into the multivariable logistic model; µ β coefficient for serum 25(OH)D = −0.056.