Table 1.
Characteristics of the 3C study sample (n = 1712) and the NuAge study sample (n = 1596).
| 3C | NuAge | p * | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (mean SD) | 76.5 | 5.1 | 74.3 | 4.2 | <0.001 |
| Sex (n %) | |||||
| Men | 644 | 37.6 | 763 | 49.1 | <0.001 |
| Women | 1068 | 63.4 | 833 | 51.9 | |
| Education, years (n %) † | |||||
| 0–6 | 227 | 13.3 | 156 | 9.8 | <0.001 |
| 7–9 | 376 | 22.0 | 402 | 25.1 | |
| 10–13 | 458 | 26.8 | 547 | 34.3 | |
| 14+ | 650 | 38.0 | 491 | 30.8 | |
| Yearly income (n %) | |||||
| Missing or refused to answer | 138 | 8.1 | 155 | 9.7 | <0.001 |
| Lower income (<17,040 CAN$) | 645 | 37.7 | 315 | 19.7 | |
| Moderate income (17,040 to 25,560 CAN$) | 426 | 24.9 | 914 | 57.3 | |
| Higher income (>25,560 CAN$) | 503 | 29.4 | 212 | 13.3 | |
| Main occupation over lifetime (n %) ‡ | |||||
| Physical occupation | 466 | 27.3 | 392 | 24.7 | <0.001 |
| Non-physical occupation | 495 | 28.9 | 699 | 44.0 | |
| Mixed occupation | 749 | 43.8 | 497 | 31.3 | |
| Living arrangement (n %) § | |||||
| Alone | 917 | 53.7 | 505 | 31.7 | <0.001 |
| Couple or cohabitation | 791 | 46.3 | 1090 | 69.3 | |
| BMI (n %) | |||||
| BMI < 25 | 744 | 43.5 | 431 | 27.0 | <0.001 |
| 25 ≤ BMI < 30 | 700 | 40.9 | 759 | 47.6 | |
| BMI ≥ 30 | 268 | 15.7 | 406 | 25.4 | |
| Energy intake (mean SD) | |||||
| Men | 1706 | 539 | 2131 | 672 | <0.001 |
| Women | 1517 | 457 | 1726 | 540 | |
| Smoking (n %) ǁ | |||||
| Non-smoker | 1051 | 61.6 | 835 | 52.3 | <0.001 |
| Ex-smoker | 552 | 32.3 | 654 | 41.0 | |
| Smoker | 104 | 6.1 | 107 | 6.7 | |
BMI: Body mass index, SD: standard deviation; * p for χ2 for categorical variables and t test for linear variables; BMI: Body mass index, SD: standard deviation; † 1 missing value for 3C; ‡ 2 missing values for 3C, 8 for NuAge; § 4 missing values for 3C, 1 for NuAge; ǁ 5 missing values for 3C.