Table 2.

Significant bacterial changes following high protein intake (↑ and ↓ denote increase or decrease in variable, respectively).

Intervention/Treatment	Model Used	Non-Microbiome Changes	Bacterial Changes	Reference
High Protein/Moderate Carbohydrates High Protein/Low Carbohydrates	Obese Men	↑ Branch chain amino acids	↓ Roseburia	[137]
		↑ Phenylacetic acid	↓ Eubacterium
		↑ N-nitroso compounds
		↓ Butyrate
		↓ Phenolic acids
High Protein/Low Carbohydrates	Kittens		↑ Clostridium	[140]
			↑ Faecalibacterium
			↑ Ruminococcus
			↑ Blautia
			↑ Eubacterium
High Protein	Piglets	↑ Branch chain amino acids	↓ Faecalibacterium prausnitzii	[141]
		↑ Colonic Permeability
		↑ Cytokine Secretion