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. 2016 Apr 9;17(4):538. doi: 10.3390/ijms17040538

Figure 3.

Figure 3

KSHV-encoded miRs that are able to regulate cellular targets, some of which have been shown to regulate the transcription of cytokines or their receptors, including the TGFβRII. Furthermore, KSHV miR inhibition of pro-apoptotic factors, together with reduced NK cell detection, may contribute to cell survival and increased viral persistence, cytokine production, cytokine signaling, NK cell detection and apoptosis in various cell types. The vmiR targeting of MyD88, IRAK1, TGFβRII and MICB has been demonstrated in reporter assays, while TWEAKR, Bcl-2/BNIP3 and TP53INP1 have been verified by PAR-CLIP analysis. TWEAKR, tumor-necrosis factor-related receptor; IRAK1, Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1; BNIP3, BCL2/Adenovirus E1B 19kDa Interacting Protein 3; TP53INP1, Tumour protein p53 Inducible Nuclear Protein 1; MyD88, myeloid differentiation primary response protein.