Figure 2.

To develop an anti-hyperglycemic agent that works on the surface of the intestinal brush border, numerous valiolamine derivatives with low cell permeability were screened. In contrast, anti-melanogenic agents require high cell permeability to penetrate the skin barrier and influence melanocytes to inhibit N-glycosylation. An alternative screening method that depends on cell permeability could be used for screening for an effective anti-melanogenic agent, such as N-(trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)valiolamine (HV).