Table 2.

Summary of the studies reviewed.

Study	Participants	Intervention	Comparison	Outcome measures	Principal results
Howells et al. [34]	20 orthopaedic trainees; Less than 2 years experience	Group 1, n = 10; Computer simulator training	Group 2, n = 10; No additional training	Motion analysis; OCAP*/PBA† assessment; Technical global rating scale 1–5	Simulator training improved performance in the operating theatre
Jackson et al. [35]	19 orthopaedic residents at least 20 diagnostic arthroscopies.	Repeat task 1/months for 5 months; Repeat task once only	Did not repeat the task	Motion analysis on simulator; Assessment of repair by experienced surgeon	Skills retained at 6 months; Improved performance with regular simulator training.

^*Orthopaedic Competence Assessment project

^†Procedure-based assessment.