Exhibit 1.

Baseline Characteristics Of Matched Groups Of 906 Patients, Treatment (Patients Seen By A Palliative Care Consultation Team [PCCT]) And Comparison (Usual Care Only) Between 2007 And 2011

Characteristic	Compari son group (n = 713)	Treatme nt group (n = 193)	Standar dized differenc e (%)
Age (years)
55–75	53%	55%	5.3
More than 75	13	11	−6.7
Female	53	52	−1.7
Race
White	60	62	4.7
Black	35	35	<0.1
Had advance directive	49	47	−3.4
Insurance
Medicare only	23	24	2.6
Medicaid and Medicare	26	24	−4.3
Highest level of education
High school	55	56	1.2
College	37	35	−2.8
Used visiting nurse services 2 weeks before hospitalization	15	14	−1.9
Hours of home health aide use 2 weeks before hospitalization	1.0	0.9	−2.7
Primary diagnosis of lymphoma or myeloma	5%	5%	1.1
Patient had a complicationb	1%	1%	−1.0
Mean Elixhauser comorbidity score	3.4	3.3	−6.8
Needed partial or complete help with ADLs
Bathing (partial)	39%	39%	0.8
Transferring from chair (partial)	34	35	2.7
One or more ADL (complete)	13	13	1.3
Mean ESAS score
Physical at admission	2	2	−0.4
Psychological at admission	1.6	1.6	3.8
Physical on the reference day	1.8	1.8	−1.8
Psychological on the reference day	1.5	1.4	−3.8
Mean CMSAS scorec
Number at admission	8.9	8.9	0.2
Number on the reference day	7.8	7.7	−4.1
Severity at admission	15.8	15.8	0.4
Severity on the reference day	12.5	12.4	−1.2
Equivalent dose of morphine (mg),d	21.7	22.2	1.3
In paine
Somewhat	9%	10%	3.0
Quite a bit	29	30	1.2
Very much	35	35	0.5
Fatiguede
A little, somewhat, or quite a bit	38	37	−2.7
Very much	29	29	0.3

SOURCE Authors’ analysis. NOTES There were 910 patients in the final sample who were eligible for the primary analysis in this article. In matching stratified subsamples, one palliative care consultation team (PCCT) patient with 2–3 comorbidities and three PCCT patients with 4 or more comorbidities were lost to matching. No patients in the comparison group were lost to matching in any subsample. There are therefore 906 patients in the primary analysis in this article. For patients in the treatment group, the reference day was the day of consultation; for patients in the comparison group, it was the day their symptom severity was most similar to that of palliative care patients. ADLs are activities of daily living. ESAS is the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale [45], which evaluates six physical and three psychologic symptoms on a scale of 0 to 10 (0=absence of symptom; 10=most severe presence): Pain, tiredness, nausea, drowsiness, appetite and shortness of breath; and depression, anxiety and wellbeing. CMSAS is the Condensed Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale [46], which evaluates 14 symptoms on a scale of 0 to 4 (0=absent; 4=Very much): Lack of energy, lack of appetite, pain, dry mouth, weight loss, feeling drowsy, shortness of breath, constipation, difficulty sleeping, difficulty concentrating, nausea, worrying, feeling sas and feeling nervous. Reference categories are as follows: for binary variables, no; age, younger than fifty-five; race, other; insurance, neither Medicare nor Medicaid; education, elementary school; pain and fatigue, none.

^bMajor or minor complication on the reference day.

^cNumber is the number of physical symptoms on the CMSAS; severity is the number of physical symptoms multiplied by the mean severity of physical symptoms on the CMSAS.

^dAverage daily dose of opioids in milligrams of morphine sulfate equivalents in week prior to hospitalization.

^eOn the reference day. Standardized differences measure the imbalance between treatment and comparison groups on baseline characteristics, taking into account both means and variances.