Table 1. Demographic characteristics of the diagnostic groups.
HC (n=58) | SB (n=30) | SZ (n=24) | Test statistic | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 28.8±1.0 | 31.4±1.2 | 31.1±0.7 | F=2.04 | 0.14 |
Gender (M/F) | 35/23 | 17/13 | 19/5 | χ 2=3.39 | 0.18 |
Participant’s education level | 7.2±0.2 | 6.3±0.3 | 4.8±0.4 | F=15.10 | <0.001 |
Father’s education level | 5.2±0.5 | 5.6±0.5 | 5.4±0.5 | F=0.23 | 0.80 |
Mother’s education level | 4.9±0.5 | 5.4±0.4 | 4.6±0.5 | F=0.85 | 0.43 |
Cigarette smokers | 2 | 13 | 12 | F=1.68 | 0.20 |
Cigarettes per day | 3.5±1.5 | 10.4±2.1 | 14.3±3.7 | F=1.16 | 0.33 |
Duration of illness (years) | 6.2±0.9 | ||||
Paranoid/disorganized/undifferentiated type | 23/0/0 | ||||
Schizoaffective disorder | 1 | ||||
Chlorpromazine equivalent doses (mg) | 321.5±53.4 | ||||
PANSS positive symptoms score | 14.5±0.8 | ||||
PANSS negative symptoms score | 13.3±0.7 | ||||
PANSS general symptoms score | 27.0±1.1 | ||||
History of depressive episode | 4 |
Abbreviations: F, female; HC, healthy controls; M, male; PANNS, positive and negative syndrome scale; SB, unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients; SZ, schizophrenia patients.
Values represent mean±s.e.m. Level of education was measured on a 9-point scale ranging from no education (0) to university degree (8).