TABLE 4.
Mom CHAR: | HS or less | Black | Hispanic | Over 35 | Teen mom | Smoking |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Panel A: Cluster S.E. on Mother | ||||||
Any chem. | − 0.0010 | 0.0018 | 0.0033+ | 0.0034+ | 0.0035** | 0.0032+ |
(0.0021) | (0.0018) | (0.0020) | (0.0018) | (0.0017) | (0.0017) | |
* Mom CHAR | 0.0098** | 0.0075 | 0.0003 | 0.0009 | − 0.0101 | 0.0067 |
(0.0034) | (0.0048) | (0.0037) | (0.0075) | (0.0197) | (0.0124) | |
Any contam. | − 0.0003 | 0.0021 | 0.0033+ | 0.0031** | 0.0033** | 0.0029+ |
(0.0019) | (0.0016) | (0.0018) | (0.0016) | (0.0015) | (0.0015) | |
* Mom CHAR | 0.0085** | 0.0057 | − 0.0001 | 0.0018 | − 0.0043 | 0.0105 |
(0.0031) | (0.0046) | (0.0035) | (0.0062) | (0.0194) | (0.0110) | |
No. observations | 521978 | 521978 | 521978 | 521978 | 521978 | 521978 |
Panel B: Cluster S.E. on water district and year | ||||||
Any chem. | − 0.0008 | 0.0020 | 0.0037+ | 0.0036** | 0.0037** | 0.0034** |
(0.0018) | (0.0017) | (0.0019) | (0.0017) | (0.0017) | (0.0017) | |
* Mom CHAR | 0.0097*** | 0.0077** | − 0.0001 | 0.0009 | − 0.0104 | 0.0069 |
(0.0022) | (0.0036) | (0.0029) | (0.0051) | (0.0132) | 0.0101041 | |
Any contam. | − 0.0001 | 0.0023 | 0.0036** | 0.0033** | 0.0035+ | 0.0031+ |
(0.0015) | (0.0014) | (0.0016) | 0.0014851 | (0.0015) | 0.0014653 | |
* Mom CHAR | 0.0086*** | 0.0060+ | − 0.0004 | 0.0018 | − 0.0046 | 0.01067 |
(0.0021) | (0.0035) | (0.0027) | 0.0042656 | (0.0134) | 0.0089193 | |
No. observations | 521978 | 521978 | 521978 | 521978 | 521978 | 521978 |
NOTES: See table 3 notes. Mother characteristics are measured as of the first birth. Robust standard errors are clustered on the mother.