Table 1. Neanderthal alleles explain risk for human clinical traits.
The eight traits for which Neanderthal alleles explained a nominally significant proportion of variance in risk in both the E1 discovery and E2 replication analyses are listed (GCTA, P < 0.1). The depression association remained significant after controlling the false discovery rate at 5%. The Neanderthal associations with actinic keratosis, mood disorders, and depression were also maintained in a two GRM model that considered the risk explained by non-Neanderthal variants. Phenotypes are sorted by their E2 P-value.
| Phenotype | Discovery (E1) | Replication (E2) | Replication (E2; two GRM) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk Explained | P | Risk Explained | P | Risk Explained | P | |
| Actinic keratosis | 0.64% | 0.066 | 3.37% | 0.0059 | 2.49% | 0.036 |
| Mood disorders | 1.11% | 0.0091 | 0.75% | 0.018 | 0.68% | 0.029 |
| Depression | 2.03% | 0.0023 | 1.15% | 0.020 | 1.06% | 0.031 |
| Obesity | 0.59% | 0.048 | 1.23% | 0.030 | 0.39% | 0.27 |
| Seborrheic keratosis | 0.77% | 0.038 | 0.61% | 0.045 | 0.41% | 0.13 |
| Overweight | 0.60% | 0.037 | 0.53% | 0.052 | 0.23% | 0.24 |
| Acute upper respiratory infections | 0.70% | 0.043 | 0.56% | 0.062 | 0.34% | 0.18 |
| Coronary atherosclerosis | 0.68% | 0.04 | 0.42% | 0.098 | 0.34% | 0.15 |