Table 2.

Baseline characteristics at initiation (n=1,069,343)

Cause of ESRD	Multiple Myeloma		AOR, Multiple Myeloma
	Yes	No
N	12,703	1,056,640
Age, years
<40	1.4	9.2	0.19 (0.17–0.23)
40–64	35	41.9	1 (Reference)
≥65	63.6	48.9	1.35 (1.3–1.41)
Sex
Men	56.2	55.6a	1 (Reference)a
Women	43.8	44.4	0.99 (0.95–1.02)
Race
White	76.4	65.4	1 (Reference)
Black	20.8	28.5	0.63 (0.61–0.66)
Other	2.8	6.1	0.41 (0.37–0.46)
Ethnicity
Hispanic	6.4	13.6	0.42 (0.39–0.46)
Non-Hispanic	93.6	86.5	1 (Reference)
Ischemic heart disease
No	86.1	76.3	1 (Reference)
Yes	13.9	23.7	0.39 (0.37–0.41)
Diabetes
No	82.5	47.7	1 (Reference)
Yes	17.5	52.3	0.19 (0.18–0.2)
Mode of RRT
Hemodialysis	96.9	91.4	1 (Reference)
Peritoneal dialysis	3.1	6.6	0.47 (0.42–0.52)
Initial vascular access (hemodialysis)
Fistula	3.6	13.9	1 (Reference)
Graft	1.5	3.6	1.67 (1.33–2.1)
Catheter	94.9	82.4	4.68 (4.12–5.31)
Nephrologist care, months
>12	9.6	24.4	1 (Reference)
≤12	90.4	75.6	3.29 (3.04–3.56)
eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2
≤15	94.3	87.4	1 (Reference)
>15	5.7	12.6	0.39 (0.37–0.42)
BMI, kg/m2
<30	78.7	66.3	1 (Reference)
≥30	21.3	33.7	0.53 (0.51–0.56)
Albumin, g/dl
≥3.5	28.8	35	1 (Reference)
<3.5	71.2	65	1.35 (1.29–1.41)
Hemoglobin, g/dl
<9	36.3	25.6	1 (Reference)
≥9	63.7	74.4	0.52 (0.5–0.54)

Parameter estimates are presented as column percentages or odds ratios, with 95% confidence intervals in parentheses. As data fields for pre-dialysis vascular access for hemodialysis and nephrologist care before RRT were not available before the 2005 version of the Medical Evidence Report, these variables are provided for 59.1% of the study population. Missing data: initial hemodialysis access, 46.6%; prior nephrology care, 40.9%; eGFR, 0.6%; BMI, 1.4%; serum albumin, 24.5%; hemoglobin, 8.3%. P<0.001 unless otherwise indicated for comparisons of patients with and without multiple myeloma. BMI, body mass index; AOR, adjusted odds ratio (with logistic regression and age, sex, race, and ethnicity as adjustment factors).

^aP≥0.05.