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. 2015 Sep 30;27(5):1362–1378. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2014121271

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

TGR5 specific agonist INT-777 prevents DN in db/db mice. (A) TGR5 mRNA expression is decreased in the kidneys of mice with diabetes. (B) Urine albumin excretion is decreased with the treatment of INT-777 in db/db mice. (C) Periodic acid Schiff staining indicates marked mesangial expansion in db/db mice and treatment with INT-777 results in a significant decrease in mesangial expansion. (D) Fibronectin immunofluorescence microscopy indicates marked accumulation of glomerular matrix in db/db mice and treatment with INT-777 results in a significant decrease in fibronectin immunostaining. (E) Synaptopodin immunofluorescence microscopy indicates significant decrease in the percentage of immunostaining area in glomerular tufts in db/db mice, which is indicative of decreased podocyte density, and treatment with INT-777 results in preservation of synaptopodin positive area. (F) Nephrin immunofluorescence microscopy shows that the treatment with INT-777 restores the decreased percentage of podocyte marker nephrin positive area in glomerular tuft in db/db kidneys. (G) p57 immunohistochemistry indicates significant decrease in podocyte number in db/db mice, and treatment with INT-777 prevents the loss of podocyte number. (H) CD68 immunofluorescence microscopy indicates the decreased macrophage accumulation by the treatment with INT-777 in db/db kidneys.