Table 1.
Clinical phenotype of study participants at enrolment
| Variable | RTRSCC (n=59) | RTRNo (n=58) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caucasiana | 58 (98) | 55 (95) | 0.36 |
| Male | 41 (71) | 39 (67) | 0.21 |
| Age (years) | 66 (58–74) | 61 (55–67) | 0.03 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.2 (21.7–28.2) | 26.2 (23.2–29.7) | 0.09 |
| Age at first transplant (years) | 43 (31–52) | 40 (32–49) | 0.30 |
| Dialysis before transplant | 44/56 (79) | 44/56 (79) | 1.00 |
| Duration of dialysis (months) | 14 (7–36) | 13 (7–25) | 0.53 |
| Total duration of immunosuppression (months)b | 283 (208–353) | 249 (203–312) | 0.17 |
| Received more than one transplant | 13 (22) | 10 (17) | 0.56 |
| Induction therapy | 0.53 | ||
| None | 51 (86) | 48 (83) | |
| Anti-CD25 | 5 (9) | 6 (10) | |
| Thymoglobulin | 3 (5) | 4 (7) | |
| Previously treated for rejection | 32/54 (59) | 22/54 (41) | 0.05 |
| Number of times treated | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 0.42 |
| Number of HLA-ABDR mismatches | 2 (2–4) | 2 (1–4) | 0.71 |
| Serum creatinine (mmol/l) | 117 (90–168) | 126 (106–161) | 0.27 |
| eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 50.9 (35.5–64.0) | 44.2 (34.0–57.5) | 0.19 |
| Cytomegalovirus IgG seropositive | 40 (68) | 36 (62) | 0.52 |
| Immunosuppression: | |||
| Calcineurin inhibitor | 49 (83) | 47 (81) | 0.78 |
| Azathioprine | 46 (78) | 38 (66) | 0.14 |
| Mycophenolate | 4 (7) | 9 (16) | 0.15 |
| Prednisolone | 24 (41) | 22 (38) | 0.76 |
| Sirolimus | 4 (7) | 2 (3) | 0.35 |
| Daily dosage (mg/kg)c | |||
| Ciclosporin | 1.90 (1.60–2.90) | 2.05 (1.58–2.55) | 0.81 |
| Tacrolimus | 0.06 (0.06–0.10) | 0.06 (0.04–0.08) | 0.25 |
| Azathioprine | 0.85 (0.55–1.13) | 0.80 (0.58–1.20) | 0.85 |
| Mycophenolate | 11.9 (7.9–15.1) | 14.6 (13.0–19.0) | 0.28 |
| Prednisolone | 0.07 (0.06–0.08) | 0.06 (0.05–0.07) | 0.12 |
| Trough level (ng/ml)d | |||
| Ciclosporin | 76 (54–104) | 83 (59–100) | 0.80 |
| Tacrolimus | 7.4 (6.3–9.4) | 6.5 (5.7–7.8) | 0.32 |
| Smoker (>1 pack-year history) | 20 (34) | 23 (40) | 0.52 |
| Previous non-NMSC malignancy | 5 (9) | 11 (19) | 0.10 |
| History of malignancy in parents/siblings | 31 (53) | 20 (35)& | 0.04 |
| Chronic UV exposure [5] | 38 (64) | 32 (55) | 0.31 |
| Fitzpatrick skin type | 0.07 | ||
| Type I–II | 27 (47) | 17 (29) | |
| Type III–VI | 29 (51) | 41 (71) | |
| Type V–VI | 1 (2) | 0 | |
| Nonbrown eye color | 44 (75) | 37 (65) | 0.26 |
| Harden risk score [12] | 5.26 (4.2–6.16) | 4.96 (4.35–5.82) | 0.43 |
| Urwin risk score [6] | 2 (1–3) | 1.5 (0–2) | 0.01 |
| Harwood risk score [5] | 4 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 0.10 |
Continuous variables are reported as median (IQR) while categorical variables are reported as number (percentage of column). Where there are missing data, a denominator of number of known values in that column is given.
a
Two participants were adopted and thus were unable to provide a family history.
b
Including pretransplant immunosuppression where appropriate.
c
Daily dosage is reported as a median (IQR) across RTRs receiving that medication.
d
If below limit of detection, was given value 1 unit below this (i.e. if <30 ng/ml, given value 29 ng/ml).