Table 1.

Demographic and clinical data at enrollment for children with T1D. Comparison of those with (TG+) and without (TG−) serologic evidence of celiac disease.

	T1D, +TG (n=123)	T1D, −TG (n=129)	p-value
Sex (males)	59 (48%)	76 (59%)	0.082
Age (y)	13.5 ± 3.7	13.9 ± 2.8	0.37
Duration of Diabetes (y)	7.0 ± 4.4	6.0 ± 4.3	0.078
Height z-score	0.14 ± 1.28	0.24 ± 0.93	0.48
Weight z-score	0.29 ± 0.98	0.43 ± 0.94	0.24
BMI z-score	0.07 ± 2.28	0.36 ± 1.04	0.20
Vitamin D 25OH (ng/mL)	34 ± 9	33 ± 8	0.38
Ferritin (ng/mL)	37 (32–42)	40 (36–45)	0.25
Urine N-Telopeptides (nmol BCE/mmol creat)	223 (188–265)	239 (205–278)	0.55
TSH	2.1 (1.8–2.4)	2.0 (1.8–2.4)	0.78
HbA1c (%)	8.3 (8.1–8.6)	8.6 (8.3–8.9)	0.19
BMD L1-L4 z-score	−0.45 ± 1.22	0.09 ± 1.10	0.0003
Low BMD¶	15 (12%)	4 (3%)	0.0076*
Symptoms	57 (46%)	46 (36%)	0.085

Data are presented as mean ± SD, geometric mean and 95% CI or frequency (%).

^*Fisher Exact P-value due to cell sizes < 5

^¶Low BMD defined by BMD L1-L4 z-score (for age and gender) of ≤ −2 SD.