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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Apr 28.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol. 2012 Aug 20;189(6):2758–2767. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102728

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Ab responses are heightened in the absence of CD28. Cohorts of Cd28−/− mice or syngeneic WT C57BL/6 mice were immunized i.p. with 50 μg NP-Ficoll or PBS. Sera (n = 10), splenocytes (n = 10), and plasma cells (n = 10) were collected from each immunized mouse cohort and PBS control mice on the indicated time points. ELISA results show levels of NP-specific IgM (A) and IgG (B) in the sera from immunized mice. Nonspecific Ig titers from PBS controls have been subtracted from shown NP-specific titers. (C) Percentage of splenic B220−CD138+ plasma cells in Cd28−/− and WT mice was determined by flow cytometry on day 7 postimmunization. (D) Frequency of ASCs in the splenocytes from immunized Cd28−/− mice and WT controls was determined by ELISPOT on the indicated time points. (E) Bar graph showing serum NP-specific IgM levels from Rag1−/− adoptive hosts of Cd28−/− or WT splenic short-lived plasma cells isolated from splenocytes of the NP-Ficoll–immunized hosts. NP-IgM levels were determined by ELISA. Results are representative of at least three separate experiments using five mice per group. Statistical analyses to compare the IgM levels and number of ASCs in Cd28−/− versus WT control hosts were done by ANOVA; p values are shown on respective graphs.