Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
| Schizophrenia (N = 34) | Bipolar (N = 33) | Control (N = 31) | Statistic | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (% male) | 61.8 | 57.6 | 67.7 | χ2(2,98)= 0.97 |
| Age (SD) | 46.94 (9.91) | 43.55 (11.29) | 46.90 (6.53) | F(2,95)= 1.38 |
| Race (%) | χ2(6,98)= 4.80 | |||
| White | 58.8 | 66.7 | 77.4 | |
| African American | 17.6 | 15.2 | 12.9 | |
| Asian | 14.7 | 6.1 | 3.2 | |
| Other | 8.8 | 12.1 | 6.5 | |
| Ethnicity (% Hispanic) | 20.6 | 18.2 | 16.1 | χ2(4,108)= 2.31 |
| Education (SD) | 12.91 (1.80) | 14.42 (2.15) | 14.81 (1.92) | F(2, 95) = 8.62*** |
| Parental Education (SD) | 13.41 (2.77) | 14.81 (2.93) | 14.40 (2.49) | F(2,95)= 2.03 |
| Estimated Verbal IQ (SD) | 96.9 (10.5) | 104.5 (10.2) | 107.9 (7.4) | F(2,95) = 13.13**** |
| Age of onset (SD) | 21.47 (6.82) | 21.15 (6.78) | t(65)= 0.19 | |
| BPRS Positive (SD) | 1.86 (0.74) | 1.28 (0.28) | t(65)= 4.16**** | |
| BPRS Total (SD) | 39.38 (10.64) | 33.06 (6.44) | t(65)= 2.90** | |
| YMRS (SD) | 4.15 (4.35) | 3.85 (4.97) | t(65)= 0.26 | |
| HAM-D (SD) | 8.65 (6.89) | 6.18 (5.49) | t(65)= 1.62 | |
| CAINS MAP (SD) | 14.15 (5.20) | 10.78 (6.80) | t(65)=2.26* | |
| CAINS EXP (SD) | 5.24 (3.61) | 2.21 (2.82) | t(65)= 3.79**** | |
| Chlorpromazine equivalents (SD) | 452.5 (402.0) | 229.6 (177.7) | t(52)= 2.21* |
Notes: BPRS = Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; YMRS = Young Mania Rating Scale; HAM-D = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; CAINS = Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms;
*
p < 0 .05,
***
p < .005;
****
p < 0.001.