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. 2016 Apr 29;7:154. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00154

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Copyright © 2016 Hodkinson, Neijts, Sadrieh, Imtiaz, Baumert, Subbiah, Hayward, Boomsma, Willemsen, Vandenberg, Hill and De Geus.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Beat binning approach. (A) 3 beats from a typical Holter trace. For the beat highlighted in red, three measured parameters are shown: the interval from the peak of the R wave to the previous R peak (RR_n), the interval from the R peak to the next R peak (RR_n+1) and the R-amplitude (R_amp). (B) Beats representative of different heart rates were selectively binned according to a 3-step process. The example shown relates to a heart rate bin of 1000 ms RR interval or 60 bpm. Step1: RR_n ± 50 ms, Step 2: R_amp ± 1 SD, Step 3: RR_n+1 ± 2SD. (C) Family of waveforms extracted according to the binning process illustrated in (B). Individual beats are represented in gray while the averaged waveform is superimposed in red.