Table 3.
Relative risk (95% confidence interval) of developmental vulnerability on the Australian Early Child Development Census (AEDC) according to weight category (healthy weight is the reference category)a.
| Physical health & wellbeing RR (95% CI) |
Social competence RR (95% CI) |
Emotional maturity RR (95% CI) |
Language & cognitive skills RR (95% CI) |
Communication & general knowledge RR (95% CI) |
Vulnerable on one or more domains RR (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted in imputed sample, N = 7533 | ||||||
| Thin | 1.14 (0.81, 1.60) | 1.07 (0.76, 1.51) | 1.05 (0.76, 1.46) | 0.99 (0.61, 1.63) | 1.19 (0.81, 1.76) | 1.07 (0.85, 1.34) |
| Overweight | 0.90 (0.70, 1.15) | 0.89 (0.70, 1.13) | 0.82 (0.64, 1.03) | 0.73 (0.51, 1.05) | 0.97 (0.73, 1.28) | 0.87 (0.74, 1.02) |
| Obese | 2.47 (1.91, 3.19) | 1.42 (1.03, 1.96) | 1.16 (0.83, 1.62) | 1.29 (0.81, 2.06) | 1.34 (0.90, 1.98) | 1.60 (1.31, 1.96) |
| Adjustedb in imputed sample, N = 7533 | ||||||
| Thin | 1.11 (0.79, 1.57) | 1.00 (0.71, 1.42) | 1.01 (0.72, 1.40) | 0.93 (0.56, 1.54) | 1.13 (0.76, 1.68) | 1.04 (0.83, 1.31) |
| Overweight | 0.93 (0.72, 1.19) | 0.95 (0.74, 1.21) | 0.89 (0.70, 1.13) | 0.73 (0.50, 1.05) | 1.00 (0.75, 1.32) | 0.89 (0.76, 1.05) |
| Obese | 2.20 (1.69, 2.87) | 1.31 (0.94, 1.83) | 1.10 (0.78, 1.54) | 1.06 (0.66, 1.71) | 1.16 (0.78, 1.74) | 1.45 (1.18, 1.78) |
Weight status was determined using z-scores of body mass index for age and International Obesity Taskforce cut-points (Cole et al., 2000, Cole et al., 2007). The reference category for the calculation of relative risks is healthy weight.
Models were adjusted for the following potential confounders: maternal age, smoking during pregnancy, hypertension during pregnancy, diabetes during pregnancy, singleton birth, sex, gestational age at birth, birthweight for gestational age z-score, child Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander status, parental education, parental occupation, school card, level of socioeconomic disadvantage of residence, and living in a remote area.