Table 2.

Summary statistics of RELN gene promoter methylation indices

	Promoter region	ASD	Controls	p value
Mean percent of methylationa	5′ region (−458 to −223 bp)	29.55 ± 13.09	5.70 ± 2.90	0.04*
	3′ region (−222 to +1 bp)	0	10.83 ± 5.04	0.10
	Total region (−458 to +1 bp)	29.55 ± 13.09	16.00 ± 4.21	0.34
Mean extent of methylationb	5′ region (−458 to −223 bp)	0.16 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.01	0.04*
	3′ region (−222 to +1 bp)	0	0.21 ± 0.10	0.10
	Total region (−458 to +1 bp)	0.09 ± 0.01	0.11 ± 0.04	0.46

Data are expressed as means ± standard error of the mean. Two-tail p values were obtained using non-parametric Wilcoxon tests*p < 0.05

^a(mean number of methylated clones at each CpG position/total number of clones) × 100

^b(mean number of methylated CpG positions in a region/the total number of methylated CpG positions in that region) × 100