Table 1.

Comparison of categorical variables between groups.

	Proportion (%)			Group Chi-square tests			CBB+GD vs. Only-CBB		CBB+GD vs. Only-GD		Only-CBB vs. Only-GD
	Only-CBB	Only-GD	CBB+GD
	n = 103 (%)	n = 3094 (%)	n = 24 (%)	χ2	df	p	p	|d|	p	|d|	p	|d|
Sex: Female	75.7	10.0	37.5	415.1	2	<0.001*	<0.001*	0.84	<0.001*	0.68†	<0.001*	1.78†
Origin: Immigrant	1.9	6.4	4.2	3.60	2	0.207	0.518	0.13	0.652	0.10	0.065	0.23
Education: Primary	35.1	57.6	47.8	51.20	4	<0.001*	0.431	0.26	0.313	0.20	<0.001*	0.46
Secondary	42.3	36.4	39.1					0.06		0.06		0.12
University	22.7	6.0	13.0					0.25		0.24		0.51†
Civil status: Single	37.0	35.8	17.4	9.56	4	0.048*	0.047*	0.50†	0.009*	0.50†	0.885	0.03
Married-couple	48.0	50.4	47.8					0.00		0.05		0.05
Divorced	15.0	13.8	34.8					0.50†		0.51†		0.03
Employed: Yes	49.5	56.4	45.8	2.90	2	0.235	0.746	0.07	0.300	0.21	0.172	0.14
Substances use
Smoker: Yes	36.9	61.2	45.8	26.68	2	<0.001*	0.418	0.18	0.124	0.31	<0.001*	0.50†
AUDIT: Low	96.1	85.1	87.5	9.87	4	0.043*	0.099	0.32	0.889	0.07	0.008*	0.38
Abuse	3.9	14.2	12.5					0.32		0.05		0.36
Risk dependence	0.0	0.7	0.0							0.12		0.12
Other drugs: Yes	3.0	9.1	4.2	6.70	2	0.043*	0.765	0.06	0.403	0.20	0.034*	0.26
Other addictions: aAny other
	5.8	1.5	8.3	18.45	2	<0.001*	0.649	0.23	0.006*	0.10	<0.001*	0.32
Sex: Yes	1.0	0.1	4.2	30.02	2	<0.001*	0.257	0.20	<0.001*	0.28	0.123	0.12
Gaming: Yes	1.9	0.6	4.2	6.43	2	0.040*	0.518	0.13	0.036*	0.23	0.157	0.11
Internet: Yes	3.9	1.0	8.3	19.05	2	<0.001*	0.355	0.19	<0.001*	0.36	0.022	0.19

CBB, compulsive buying behavior; GD, gambling disorder.

^aIncludes sex or videogame or internet addiction.

^*Bold: significant comparison (0.05 level).

^†Bold: effect size into the range moderate (|d| > 0.50) to high (|d| > 0.80).

p-values include Bonferroni-Finner correction.