Table 3.

Independent Risk Factors for Incident Monocular Visual Impairment and Monocular Blindness in the first eye in participants in the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study

Risk Factor	Monocular Visual Impairment OR (95% CI)	P	Monocular Blindness OR (95% CI)	P
Age (years)
40–49 (ref ρ)	1		NS
50–59	1.5 (0.7–3.1)	0.06
60–69	5.3 (2.7–10.4)	0.001
70–79	11.2 (5.2–24.3)	<0.001
≥ 80	10.7 (3.6–31.6)	0.006
Working status
Employed (ref ρ)	1		1
Unemployed	2.6 (1.5–4.6)	0.001	2.3 (1.0–5.3)	0.05
Retired	1.9 (0.98–3.6)	0.06	3.4 (1.4–8.2)	0.02
Presence of Diabetes mellitus
No (ref ρ)	1		1
Yes	2.0 (1.3–2.9)	<0.001	2.1 (1.9–3.8)	0.01
History of any ocular disease
No (ref ρ)	1		1
Yes	2.2 (1.4–3.3)	<0.001	5.6 (3.0–10.2)	<0.001
Self-reported excellent/good vision
No (ref ρ)	1
Yes	0.6 (0.4–0.9)	0.01	0.4 (0.2–0.8)	0.01
Marital status
Married/living with partner (ref ρ)	NS		1
Separated/divorced			1.1 (0.4–2.8)	0.52
Widowed			3.7 (2.0–6.9)	<0.001
Never married			0.9 (0.2–3.8)	0.55

OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; ns Non significant;

^*Incident monocular visual impairment - best corrected visual acuity ≥ 20/40 at baseline in both eyes and < 20/40 but > 20/200 at follow-up in one eye. Incident monocular blindness - best corrected visual acuity ≥20/200 at baseline in both eyes but < 20/200 at follow-up in one eye. ref ^ρ : referent group