Extended Data Figure 4. Microbiota diversity is not regained upon direct weaning the diet-switching group onto the high-MAC diet.

a, Alpha-diversity as measured by Shannon index of fecal microbiota from generation 5 mice from the high-MAC diet control (control) (n=6), generation 5, diet-switching group that was weaned directly onto the high-MAC diet (Gen 5 diet switching) (n=6), and generation 4 mice from the diet switching group after weaning and maintenance on the low-MAC diet for 13 weeks and returned to the high-MAC diet for four weeks (Gen 4 diet switching) (n=5). Error bars are shown as s.e.m. and P values are from a two-tailed Student’s t-test b, Principal coordinate analysis of unweighted UniFrac distance for 16S rRNA amplicon profiles from fecal samples collected from first generation control mice on a high-MAC diet (green), fourth generation, diet-switching mice (purple), and fifth generation mice from the diet-switching lineage weaned directly onto the high-MAC diet (orange). Control is plotted as weeks post-humanization and generation 4 and 5 are plotted as age.