Table 2. .
Kinematics |
Group |
F2,66 Value |
P Value |
||||||||
Functional Ankle Instability |
Coper |
Control |
|||||||||
Mean |
Standard Error |
95% Confidence Interval |
Mean |
Standard Error |
95% Confidence Interval |
Mean |
Standard Error |
95% Confidence Interval |
|||
Initial contact | |||||||||||
Forefoot | |||||||||||
Sagittal planea | –10.32 | 0.82 | –11.96, −8.68 | –7.94 | 0.82 | –9.58, −6.30 | –10.69 | 0.82 | –12.33, −9.04 | 3.31 | .043c |
Frontal planeb | –4.58 | 0.52 | –5.62, −3.53 | –5.41 | 0.52 | –6.46, −4.36 | –5.79 | 0.52 | –6.84, −4.74 | 1.40 | .245 |
Hindfoot | |||||||||||
Sagittal planea | –10.08d,e | 0.77 | –11.62, −8.54 | –13.26e | 0.77 | –14.80, −11.72 | –13.51d | 0.77 | –15.05, −11.96 | 4.01 | .004c |
Frontal planeb | 7.81 | 1.08 | 5.66, 9.96 | 6.67 | 1.08 | 4.52, 8.81 | 8.54 | 1.08 | 6.40, 10.69 | 0.77 | .466 |
Maximum vertical ground reaction forces | |||||||||||
Forefoot | |||||||||||
Sagittal planea | 7.07 | 0.62 | 5.83, 8.31 | 6.47 | 0.62 | 5.23, 7.71 | 5.93 | 0.62 | 4.69, 7.17 | 0.84 | .435 |
Frontal planeb | –2.95 | 0.55 | –4.04, −1.86 | –3.72 | 0.55 | –4.82 −2.63 | –4.38 | 0.55 | –5.47, −3.29 | 1.72 | .188 |
Hindfoot | |||||||||||
Sagittal planea | 4.88 | 0.84 | 3.21, 6.56 | 5.22 | 0.84 | 3.55, 6.90 | 4.92 | 0.84 | 3.25, 6.60 | 0.05 | .952 |
Frontal planeb | –8.42 | 0.74 | –9.90, −6.95 | –8.74 | 0.74 | –10.22, −7.26 | –7.70 | 0.74 | –9.17, −6.22 | 0.52 | .596 |
Positive angle indicates dorsiflexion; negative angle indicates plantar flexion.
Positive angle indicates inversion; negative angle indicates eversion.
Difference among groups.
Difference between control and functional ankle-instability groups.
Difference between coper and functional ankle-instability groups.