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. 2016 May;44(5):720–731. doi: 10.1124/dmd.116.069419

Fig. 10.

Fig. 10.

GL attenuates APAP-caused TNFα release, and TNFα/caspase-mediated apoptotic hepatocyte damage. (A) Time course of APAP-induced TNFα release in serum. (B) Effect of GL in serum TNFα level at 4 hours after APAP treatment. (C) Effect of TNFα in APAP-induced LO2 cell death and effect of zVAD-fmk in TNFα/APAP-induced LO2 cell death. (D) Effects of GL and NEC-1 in TNFα/APAP-induced LO2 cell death. (E) Cell viability of APAP-treated LO2 cells pretreated with control DMSO, zVAD 20 µM, or NEC-1 20 µM. (F) Statistical analysis of FACS analyses. Number = 6 in each group for experiments in vivo in mice and in vitro in LO2 cells. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, and ###P < 0.001 versus control mice or 0.1% DMSO-treated control LO2 cells. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 versus APAP-overdosed mice or 0.1% DMSO/APAP-treated LO2 cells.φφφP < 0.001 versus TNFα/APAP-treated LO2 cells.