Table 5. Multivariate analyses regarding pregnancy and delivery outcomes among different SSRI antidepressants.
All analyses were adjusted for maternal age over 35 y, BMI (pregravid) over 26, nulliparity, prior termination, miscarriage, maternal smoking (>5 cigarettes/d), maternal alcohol consumption, chronic illness, gestational diabetes and polyhydramnion.
| Explanatory variable | Fluoxetine (n = 51) | Citalopram (n = 215) | Paroxetine (n = 32) | Sertraline (n = 49) | All SSRIs p-value (n = 358) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preterm delivery1 (yes) | p = 0.63OR 1.27(0.48–3.32) | p = 0.43OR 1.21(0.75–1.96) | p = 0.14OR 2.11(0.78–5.69) | p = 0.91OR 0.94(0.29–3.06) | 0.10 |
| Caesarean (yes) | p = 0.30 OR 1.42(0.73–2.77) | p = 0.98 OR 1.00(0.70–1.46) | p = 0.08 OR 2.02(0.91–4.47) | p = 0.60 OR 1.23(0.58–2.60) | 0.30 |
| Low (<7) Apgar score at 1 min | p = 0.04 OR 2.42(1.06–5.54) | p<0.001 OR 2.60(1.73–3.91) | p = 0.36 OR 1.76(0.52–5.98) | p = 0.67 OR 1.30(0.40–4.24) | <0.0001 |
| Low (<7) Apgar score at 5 min. | p = 0.25 OR 2.00(0.62–6.50) | p<0.001 OR 2.61(1.55–4.40) | p = 0.97 OR 1.04(0.14–7.70) | p = 0.03 OR 3.24(1.13–9.23) | <0.0001 |
| Neonatal intensive care (yes) | p = 0.03 OR 2.23(1.09–4.55) | p<0.001 OR 2.12(1.48–3.03) | p = 0.001 OR 3.71(1.66–8.26) | p = 0.74 OR 1.17(0.45–3.03) | <0.0001 |
| Vacuum assistance (yes) | p = 0.60 OR1.32(0.46–3.79) | p = 0.61 OR 0.85(0.46–1.59) | p = 0.91 OR 1.09(0.25–4.78) | p = 0.34 OR 1.70(0.58–4.95) | 0.99 |
| Perinatal mortality (yes) | p = 1.0 | p = 0.05 OR 3.25 (1.01–10.46) | p = 1.0 | p = 1.0 | 0.26 |
| Low birth weight (<2500 g) | p = 0.41 OR 0.53(0.12–2.40) | p = 0.17 OR 1.42(0.86–2.32) | p = 0.81 OR 0.83(0.19–3.67) | p = 0.93 OR 1.06(0.32–3.51) | 0.34 |
| SGA2 | p = 0.80 OR 1.13(0.44–2.92) | p = 0.85 OR 0.95(0.59–1.55) | p = 0.47 OR 0.59(0.14–2.49) | p = 0.15 OR 0.23(0.03–1.68) | 0.25 |
| LGA3 | p = 0.29 OR 0.53(0.16–1.73) | p = 0.81 OR 1.06(0.67–1.69) | p = 0.83 OR 1.14(0.34–3.87) | p = 0.95 OR 1.03(0.36–2.97) | 0.99 |
| Umbilical cord length <5th centile | p = 0.85 OR 0.87(0.21–3.61) | p = 0.04 OR 0.30(0.10–0.93) | p = 0.69 OR 1.34(0.32–5.68) | p = 0.87 OR 1.13(0.27–4.72) | 0.07 |
| Umbilical cord length <10th centile | p = 0.73 OR 1.18(0.46–3.00) | p = 0.08 OR 0.58(0.31–1.06) | p = 0.97 OR 1.02(0.31–3.40) | p = 0.72 OR 1.21(0.43–3.45) | 0.16 |
| Umbilical cord length >90th centile | p = 0.03 OR 2.10(1.08–4.07) | p = 0.01 OR 1.60(1.12–2.28) | p = 0.03 OR 2.49(1.10–5.64) | p = 0.64 OR 0.78(0.27–2.21) | 0.001 |
| Umbilical cord length >95th centile | p = 0.15 OR 1.88(0.79–4.46) | p = 0.02 OR 1.71(1.09–2.69) | p = 0.94 OR 1.05(0.25–4.45) | p = 0.34 OR 1.67(0.59–4.76) | 0.007 |
| Head circumference <10th centile | p = 0.27 OR 1.70(0.66–4.40) | p = 0.31 OR 1.30(0.78–2.16) | p = 0.87 OR 0.89(0.21–3.80) | p = 0.90 OR 1.08(0.33–3.59) | 0.38 |
| Head circumference>90th centile | p = 0.95 OR 0.97(0.38–2.52) | p = 0.03 OR 0.51(0.28–0.93) | p = 0.60 OR 1.33(0.46–3.90) | p = 0.89 OR 0.93(0.33–2.65) | 0.07 |
| Length of the child <10th centile | p = 0.15 OR 1.85(0.80–4.27) | p = 0.83 OR 1.06(0.63–1.78) | p = 0.89 OR 1.09(0.32–3.76) | p = 0.26OR 1.68(0.68–4.15) | 0.39 |
| Length of the child >90th centile | p = 0.31 OR 0.48(0.11–2.00) | p = 0.53 OR 0.82(0.44–1.53) | p = 0.50OR 0.50(0.07–3.73) | p = 0.25OR 0.31(0.42–2.28) | 0.09 |
OR = odds ratio, CI (confidence interval)
1 Birth before 37 completed weeks.
2 Small for gestational age (<10th centile) [20]
3 Large for gestational age (>10th centile) [20]
Information lacking from the data: umbilical cord length centile (n = 1217), head circumference centile (n = 1724), length of the newborn centile (n = 7851)