Table 2.

Case Reports of Cholangiocarcinoma with Trousseau’s Syndrome

Author	Age/Sex	Presenting Thrombosis	Other Thrombosis	Anticoagulation	Outcome & Time After Thrombosis Presentation	Diagnosis	Other
Bandyopadhyay et al20	38 F	DVT	Spleen, IVC, PVT	Warfarin	Death? (refused therapy), 8 months	ERCP punch biopsy
Blum et al	69 M	PVT	PE	Heparin	Death, 1 week	U/S-guided liver biopsy
Ching6	76 M	PVT	—	—	Death, 5 days	Autopsy	1st reported case
Hernández et al21	45 F	PE	DVT, PVT	Heparin	Death, few days	Autopsy
Jang et al22	56 M	PE	—	LMWH	Alive, 3 months	U/S-guided liver biopsy
Koskinas et al8	30 F	PE	—	Heparin	Death, 6 days	Autopsy	HBsAg+, hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma
Martins et al (case 1)23	67 M	DVT	STP	Warfarin	Death, 8 weeks	CT-guided liver biopsy	PSC with CD
Martins et al (case 2)23	39 M	DVT	STP	—	Death, 6 weeks	FNA	PSC with UC
Muñoz-Ortego et al9	51 F	Stroke	PE, kidney, spleen, mitral valve vegetations	Heparin (and immunoglobulin)	Death, timing unknown	Autopsy	Lung adenocarcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Samadian et al24	78 F	DVT	PE	Warfarin	Death, 2 years	Autopsy	DVT & PE with INR of 3.0
Yuri et al10	73 F	Stroke	Mitral valve vegetations, spleen, rectum	“Anticoagulant therapy”	Death, 3 months	Autopsy	CA 19-9, CA15-3, CA-125 active in tumor cytoplasm

CD, Crohn disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; F, female; FNA, Fine Needle Aspiration; HBsAg+, Hepatitis B Virus surface antigen positive; IVC, inferior vena cava; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LMWH, low-molecular-weight heparin; M, male; PE, pulmonary embolism; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; PVT, portal vein thrombosis; STP, superficial thrombophlebitis; UC, ulcerative colitis; U/S, ultrasound