Appendix 2.
Determinants of Rural Women Giving Birth in a Non-Local Hospital (N=219,007, Including Transferred Women)
| Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | Average Marginal Effects (%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MATERNAL CLINICAL CONDITION | |||
| Conditions Which May Require Maternal Fetal Medicine Services or Consultation | 1.31 (1.2, 1.43) | 5.8% | <.001 |
| Malposition, Malpresentation | 1.22 (1.16, 1.29) | 4.1% | <.001 |
| Multiple Gestation | 1.94 (1.76, 2.15) | 14.3% | <.001 |
| Pregnancy Delivered Before 37 Weeks Gestation | 2.58 (2.26, 2.96) | 21.0% | <.001 |
| Previous Cesarean Section | 1.25 (1.2, 1.31) | 4.5% | <.001 |
| MATERNAL CHARACTERISTICS | |||
| Age | |||
| Age ≤20 | 0.77 (0.73, 0.83) | −4.3% | <.001 |
| 21≤Age≤25 | 0.89 (0.86, 0.93) | −2.0% | <.001 |
| 26≤Age≤30 | Ref | - | - |
| 31≤Age≤35 | 1.06 (1.02, 1.09) | 1.0% | 0.002 |
| Age≥36 | 1.14 (1.08, 1.2) | 2.4% | <.001 |
| Primary Payer | |||
| Medicaid | 0.73 (0.66, 0.8) | −5.6% | <.001 |
| Private | Ref | - | - |
| Self | 0.89 (0.68, 1.15) | −2.2% | 0.357 |
| Other | 0.92 (0.76, 1.11) | −1.5% | 0.404 |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||
| White | Ref | - | - |
| Black | 0.64 (0.45, 0.91) | −7.1% | 0.012 |
| Hispanic | 0.71 (0.58, 0.88) | −5.5% | 0.002 |
| Native American, Asian, Other | 1.22 (0.95, 1.57) | 3.7% | 0.117 |
| Patient Residence Rurality | |||
| Micropolitan area | Ref | - | - |
| Noncore adjacent to a metro area | 2.24 (1.68, 2.97) | 13.9% | <.001 |
| Noncore not adjacent to a metro area | 1.58 (1.12, 2.24) | 7.9% | 0.01 |
| LOCAL HOSPITAL CHARACTERISTICS | |||
| Neonatal Care Capacity | |||
| Any Neonatal Intensive Care Units | Ref | - | - |
| Neonatal Intermediate Care Units Only | 1.98 (1.33, 3.09) | 4.6% | 0.005 |
| No NICU or NINT | 2.65 (1.96, 3.64) | 20.6% | <.001 |
| Local Hospital(s) with: | |||
| Accreditation | 0.8 (0.52, 1.24) | −4.0% | 0.317 |
| System Affiliation | 0.94 (0.68, 1.31) | −1.0% | 0.732 |