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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 3.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2016 Feb 26;49(7):1078–1084. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.02.038

Table 2.

Estimates (95% confidence intervals) of regression coefficients for the effect of follower load on overall, regional, and individual level sagittal plane angles by test condition. P-values are shown for difference of estimates from the Intact condition and for significance of slope (change with follower load).

Constant (°) Slope (°/kN) p-values
Constant vs. Intact Slope vs. Intact Slope vs. 0
Overall (T1-T12) angle
Intact 59.7 (52.9 – 66.4) 2.20 (−1.84 – 6.24) - - 0.285
Stiffened 65.1 (58.4 – 71.8) −0.80 (−4.84 – 3.23) < 0.001 0.302 0.696
No Ribs 63.9 (57.1 – 70.7) 4.16 (−0.51 – 8.83) < 0.001 0.534 0.081
Regional angles
T1-T4 angle
Intact 17.8 (13.9 – 21.8) 4.77 (1.36 – 8.19) - - 0.006
Stiffened 19.5 (15.6 – 23.4) 4.84 (1.43 – 8.25) 0.071 0.979 0.005
No Ribs 19.1 (15.1 – 23.1) 9.54 (5.59 – 13.48) 0.205 0.074 < 0.001
T4-T8 angle
Intact 25.8 (20.8 – 30.7) 1.56 (−1.81 – 4.92) - - 0.364
Stiffened 26.6 (21.6 – 31.5) 0.89 (−2.48 – 4.25) 0.386 0.783 0.605
No Ribs 27.8 (22.8 – 32.8) 2.94 (−0.95 – 6.84) 0.035 0.598 0.139
T8-T12 angle
Intact 16.1 (9.0 – 23.1) −4.13 (−7.60 – −0.67) - - 0.019
Stiffened 19.0 (12.0 – 26.1) −6.53 (−10.00 – −3.07) 0.001 0.337 < 0.001
No Ribs 17.1 (10.1 – 24.2) −8.74 (−12.49 – −5.00) 0.262 0.076 < 0.001
Individual Angles
T1-T2 angle
Intact 3.17 (0.37 – 5.96) 3.18 (0.71 – 5.65) - - 0.012
Stiffened 4.35 (1.54 – 7.16) 3.97 (1.41 – 6.52) 0.084 0.664 0.002
No Ribs 4.68 (1.85 – 7.50) 5.88 (3.13 – 8.63) 0.03 0.152 < 0.001
T4-T5 angle
Intact 6.29 (4.18 – 8.40) 0.34 (−2.00 – 2.68) - - 0.777
Stiffened 5.56 (3.45 – 7.67) 0.19 (−2.15 – 2.52) 0.252 0.928 0.876
No Ribs 5.93 (3.76 – 8.11) 1.02 (−1.70 – 3.74) 0.606 0.709 0.461
T8-T9 angle
Intact 8.37 (5.85 – 10.90) −0.20 (−3.05 – 2.64) - - 0.888
Stiffened 8.87 (6.34 – 11.40) −0.18 (−3.04 – 2.67) 0.516 0.992 0.9
No Ribs 8.59 (6.06 – 11.12) −0.86 (−3.93 – 2.21) 0.776 0.759 0.584
T11-T12 angle
Intact −1.25 (−4.94 – 2.43) −2.92 (−6.28 – 0.44) - - 0.089
Stiffened −0.17 (−3.85 – 3.52) −5.35 (−8.60 – −2.10) 0.218 0.308 0.001
No Ribs 0.77 (−2.92 – 4.46) −8.15 (−11.81 – −4.48) 0.023 0.039 < 0.001