Table 1.

Na⁺/H⁺ family members.

Protein name	Gene name	Localization	Tissue distribution	Mutation associated neurological disease phenotype	References
NHE1	SLC9A1	Plasma membrane	Ubiquitous	Epilepsy, ataxia, growth retardation	Bell et al. (1999)
NHE2	SLC9A2	Plasma membrane	Brain, gut, skeletal muscle, kidney, uterus, testis, heart, lung and stomach	No neurological phenotype reported	Fuster and Alexander (2014)
NHE3	SLC9A3	Plasma membrane	Gut, kidney, lung, heart, brain, stomach, gall bladder and epididymis Ventrolateral brainstem	No neurological phenotype reported	Fuster and Alexander (2014), Orlowski and Grinstein (2004), Studer et al. (2014)
NHE4	SLC9A4	Plasma membrane	Gut, kidney, brain, stomach, skeletal muscle and uterus Hippocampus	No neurological phenotype reported	Bookstein et al. (1996), Pizzonia et al. (1998)
NHE5	SLC9A5	Plasma membrane	Brain, spleen, testis, and skeletal muscle	No neurological phenotype reported	Attaphitaya et al. (1999), Baird et al. (1999), Klanke et al. (1995)
NHE6	SLC9A6	Intracellular organelle	Ubiquitous	X-linked Angelman-like condition, Christianson syndrome, corticobasal degeneration with tau deposition, epilepsy, autistic behavior intellectual disability, ataxia	Christianson et al. (1999), Garbern et al. (2010), Gilfillan et al. (2008)
NHE7	SLC9A7	Intracellular organelle	Ubiquitous	No neurological phenotype reported	Fuster and Alexander (2014)
NHE8	SLC9A8	Intracellular organelle	Ubiquitous	No neurological phenotype reported	Fuster and Alexander (2014)
NHE9	SLC9A9	Intracellular organelle	Ubiquitous	Autism, epilepsy, addiction, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)	Fisher et al. (2002), Morrow et al. (2008), Pescosolido et al. (2014), Schwede et al. (2014), Vink et al. (2009)