Table 1.
Characteristics of sclerotherapy, banding, and control group sessions.
| Sclerotherapy | Banding | Control | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 49.1 ± 11.5 | 48.6 ± 12.0 | 50.1 ± 11.7 | 0.56 |
| Sex (M/F) | 65/5 | 29/11 | 26/3 | 0.01 |
| Patients (n) | (Total 40) | (Total 25) | (Total 29) | |
| Emergency | 30 | 20 | 29 | |
| Elective | 18 | 11 | 0 | |
| Sessions | (Total 70) | (Total 40) | (Total 29) | |
| Emergency | 41 | 22 | 29 | – |
| Elective | 29 | 18 | 0 | – |
| Etiology | 0.00 | |||
| Alcohol | 36 | 30 | 16 | – |
| HCV | 1 | 0 | 2 | – |
| Alcohol/HCV | 23 | 1 | 4 | – |
| Alcohol/HCV/HBV | 7 | 1 | 0 | – |
| Other | 3 | 8 | 9 | – |
| Encephalopathy (A/B/C) | 67/3/0 | 39/1/0 | 25/3/1 | 0.18 |
| Ascites (A/B/C) | 49/20/1 | 34/4/2 | 24/2/3 | 0.016 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 2.9 ± 4.4 | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 2.1 ± 1.7 | 0.34 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 2.6 ± 0.4 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 0.14 |
| Prothrombin time (s) | 15.2 ± 2.6 | 15.0 ± 1.9 | 13.9 ± 1.9 | 0.054 |
| Child-Pugh score | 7.6 ± 1.9 | 7.6 ± 1.6 | 7.3 ± 2.4 | 0.70 |
| Child class (A/B/C) | 22/33/14 | 10/25/5 | 15/10/4 | 0.11 |
| Active bleedinga | 6.2% | 5.4% | 15.4% | 0.27 |
| Hematocrit (g/dL) | 29.6 ± 7.2 | 28.9 ± 6.6 | 32.1 ± 7.3 | 0.17 |
| Procedure time (min) | 12.9 ± 4.8 | 16.4 ± 8.3 | 17.3 ± 10.7 | 0.018 |
| Sclerosant vol (mL) | 11.5 ± 4.8 | – | – | n/a |
| Sclerosant inj (n) | 6.1 ± 2.3 | – | – | n/a |
| Bands (n) | – | 5.2 ± 2.1 | – | n/a |
A total of 139 endoscopies were performed in 94 patients, 29 sessions were in the emergency endoscopy control group, and 110 in the endoscopic variceal therapy groups (63 emergency variceal therapy and 47 elective variceal therapy).
aActive bleeding was 10.5% for emergency sclerotherapy and 10.5%for emergency banding, p = 0.2 comparing the three emergency groups.