Table 4.

Logistic regression analysis of association between GI events and treatment initiation

Effect	Initiated any treatment vs. no treatment initiated
Post-index GI event (ref: no post-index GI event)	Odds ratio	95 % CI	p value
Among patients without pre-index GI problems	0.293	(0.25, 0.34)	<0.0001
Among patients with pre-index GI problems	0.257	(0.20, 0.31)	<0.0001
Age group
65–74 vs. 55–64	1.319	(1.14, 1.47)	0.0024
75–84 vs. 55–64	1.538	(1.26, 1.72)	<0.0001
85+ vs. 55–64	1.271	(1.05, 1.63)	0.1432
Pre-index medication use
Gastro-protective agents	1.755	(1.58, 1.95)	<0.0001
NSAIDs	1.337	(1.23, 1.45)	<0.0001
Glucocorticoids	1.254	(1.13, 1.39)	<0.0001
Charlson comorbidity index score	0.929	(0.89, 0.97)	0.0093

GI gastrointestinal, NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

CI confidence interval