Table 5.

Stability and Cross-Lagged Effects for Effectiveness and Marital Satisfaction

	Stability Effects			Cross-Lagged Effects
	Satisfaction (β)	Effectiveness (β)	Wald test	Satisfaction to effectiveness (β)	Effectiveness to satisfaction (β)	Wald test
Husbands’ effectiveness and husbands’ satisfaction
Wave 1–2	0.61**	0.40**	14.61**	0.07	0.04	0.88
Wave 2–3	0.69**	0.41**	25.81**	0.04	−0.01	0.11
Wave 3–4	0.69**	0.43**	25.46**	0.04	0.03	0.38
Husbands’ effectiveness and wives’ satisfaction
Wave 1–2	0.61**	0.40**	9.96**	0.07	0.10*	5.55*
Wave 2–3	0.70**	0.40**	43.25**	0.11*	0.06	1.62
Wave 3–4	0.66**	0.40**	12.70**	0.17**	0.00	0.04
Wives’ effectiveness and wives’ satisfaction
Wave 1–2	0.61**	0.40**	8.69**	0.05	0.06	2.16
Wave 2–3	0.70**	0.41**	36.62**	0.02	0.05	1.65
Wave 3–4	0.66**	0.44**	12.30**	0.11+	−0.01	0.16
Wives’ effectiveness and husbands’ satisfaction
Wave 1–2	0.61**	0.38**	14.21**	0.18**	0.05	0.82
Wave 2–3	0.67**	0.39**	21.51**	0.08	0.06	2.05
Wave 3–4	0.69**	0.45**	28.45**	0.10+	0.01	0.00

Note. Wald tests compare the relative strength of the paths (all df = 1). All results are standardized coefficients.

⁺p < .10;

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01.