Fig. 5.

The change of disc degeneration on MRI (case No. 12). A 69-year-old female patient had spinal stenosis at L4-5 with multilevel disc degeneration (A). After a previous fusion surgery at L4-5 two years prior to her visit, spinal stenosis by thickening of the ligamentum flavum and disc degeneration at L2-3-4 had progressed (B). She underwent decompression and dynamic stabilization surgery at L2-3-4. At the postoperative 12-month MRI, segments at L1-2 and L5-S1 showed progression of disc degeneration (C).