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. 2014 Dec 26;119(12):2312–2327. doi: 10.1002/2014JG002713

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©2014. The Authors.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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A sample trace of a measurement of fluorescence from a leaf with a PAM fluorometer [after Maxwell and Johnson, ²⁰⁰⁰]. The measuring light is turned on at MB; saturating pulses (1 s) are applied at SP. Note that γ→0 during a SP while ν is unchanged. The experiment shows changes in fluorescence that occur when actinic light is provided. The fluorescence levels (F) are normalized to the F_o level. The photochemical yield of the leaf under dark adapted conditions and after a period of illumination . These arbitrary fluorescence levels can be related to absolute yields with the equations and probability constants shown in the boxes and the values of γ and ν. We used equations (8) and (9) to estimate K_N and K_P, respectively, and and .

Inline graphic — A sample trace of a measurement of fluorescence from a leaf with a PAM fluorometer [after Maxwell and Johnson, ²⁰⁰⁰]. The measuring light is turned on at MB; saturating pulses (1 s) are applied at SP. Note that γ→0 during a SP while ν is unchanged. The experiment shows changes in fluorescence that occur when actinic light is provided. The fluorescence levels (F) are normalized to the F_o level. The photochemical yield of the leaf under dark adapted conditions and after a period of illumination . These arbitrary fluorescence levels can be related to absolute yields with the equations and probability constants shown in the boxes and the values of γ and ν. We used equations (8) and (9) to estimate K_N and K_P, respectively, and and .