. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 2.

Published in final edited form as: J Clin Investig Dermatol. 2015 Dec 15;3(2):10.13188/2373-1044.1000019. doi: 10.13188/2373-1044.1000019

Table 4.

Comparison of seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff.

	Seborrheic Dermatitis	Dandruff	References
Epidemiology	Up to 40% of infants within 3 months of age, 1–3% of the general adult population.	50% of adult population.	[1–3,22,23]
Location	Scalp, retro-auricular area, face (nasolabial folds, upper lip, eyelids, eyebrows), upper chest.	Scalp.	[2,7,15]
Presentation	Erythematous patches, with large, oily or dry scales.	White to yellow flakes dispersed on the scalp and hair; without erythema.	[2,3,26]
Histology	Acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, spongiosis, parakeratosis, Malassezia yeasts.		[3,23,38]
Histology	Vasodilation and perivascular and perifollicular inflammatory infiltration; “shoulder parakeratosis”.	Subtle neutrophil infiltration or no inflammatory infiltration.	[3,23,38]
Treatment	Antifungal shampoos and topical.		[2,8,26,47,97]
Treatment	Topical corticosteroids, immune modulators, phototherapy, systemic treatment.		[2,8,26,47,97]
Predisposing Factors and causes	Sebaceous gland activity, fungal colonization, and individual susceptibility (epidermal barrier integrity, host immune response, genetic factors, neurogenic factors and stress, nutrition, etc.).		[2,3,9,15,26,44,66]