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Comparison of the toll-like receptors (TLR) between human and birds.
| Pattern recognition receptor (PRR) | Human | Origin of ligand | Chicken | Duck | Origin of ligand |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Membrane-bound PRR (TLR) On plasma membrane | TLR2 | Bacteria, fungus;Parasites, virus | TLR2a TLR2b | Present | UnknownBacteria |
| TLR4 | Bacteria, fungus;Parasites, virus | Present | Present | Unknown | |
| TLR5 | Bacteria | Present | Present | Bacteria | |
| TLR15 | Present | Bacteria; Virus |
