Table I. Summary of clinical studies of dendritic cell-based immunotherapy for CRC (a search of the PubMed from 2004 to 2015).
| Author | Cell types | Number of patients | Clinical outcome | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hunyadi et al. (44) | DC+autologous tumor cell lysates | 6 patients | Survival for 6-years (5 of 6) | No adverse effects |
| DC+CEA peptide | 6 patients | Survival for 6-years (3 of 3) | ||
| Morse et al. (65) | DC+Poxvectors encoding CEA and MUC1 (PANVAC) | 37 patients | 2 of 37 death | No grade 3/4 toxicity except grade 3 urticaria on the DC+PANVAC |
| PANVAC+GM-CSF | 37 patients | 5 of 37 death | ||
| Sakakibara et al. (41) | DC+CEA peptide | 10 patients | PD (7), SD (1), withdrawal (2) | No adverse effects except grade I fever |
| Toh et al. (42) | DC+MAGE | 20 patients | PD (11), PR (1), SD (7), withdrawal (1) | Mild grade 1 or 2 toxicity |
| Burgdorf et al. (43) | DC+MAGE | 20 patients | 24% of SD (4) | No adverse effects |
| Kavanagh et al. (46) | DC+CEA peptide | 21 patients | 11 of all patients evaluated, PD (11) | No significant toxicity |
| Morse et al. (66) | DC+Fowlpox vector encoding CEA and costimulatory molecules | 11 patients, 3 patients (NSCLC) | PD (8), SD/MR (6) | No grade 3/4 toxicity |
| Liu et al. (40) | DC+CEA peptide | 10 patients | PD (8), SD (2) | No grade 2/3 toxicity |
| Matsuda et al. (67) | DC+CEA peptide | 7 patients | PD (5), SD (2) | No adverse effects |
DC, dendritic cell; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; PD, progressive disease; SD, stable disease; PR, partial response; MR, minor response; MAGE, melanoma-associated antigen; CRC, colorectal cancer; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer.