Table 1. Patients Demographics, Clinical Presentations and Outcomes Based on the Mechanism of Injurya.
| Overall | MVC | PMVA | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, No. (%) | 1004 (100) | 771 (77) | 233 (23) | |
| Mean age, y | 32.7 ± 15 | 32.5 ± 14.3 | 33 ± 16.2 | 0.60 |
| Male | 92 | 92 | 93 | 0.55 |
| Prior lung diseases b | 2 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 0.04 |
| Hospital stay (median) | 7 (1 - 262) | 7 (1 - 262) | 9 (1 - 249) | 0.12 |
| Overall mortality | 15 | 12.3 | 23.2 | 0.001 |
| Thoracic injuries | ||||
| Lung contusion | 74 | 73 | 76 | 0.63 |
| Rib fracture | 57.4 | 59 | 53 | 0.14 |
| Pneumothorax | 29 | 28 | 34 | 0.10 |
| Hemothorax | 23 | 22.9 | 23.3 | 0.88 |
| Cardiac injury | 2 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 0.43 |
| Diaphragmatic injury | 1.4 | 3.9 | 0.02 | |
| Associated injuries | ||||
| Spleen injury | 12.4 | 11 | 16 | 0.10 |
| Liver injury | 15 | 14 | 19 | 0.06 |
| Kidney injury | 6 | 5 | 8 | 0.12 |
| Head injury | 44 | 41 | 54 | 0.001 |
| Interventions | ||||
| Exploratory laparotomy | 7.7 | 7 | 11 | 0.02 |
| Tracheostomy | 4.4 | 4.7 | 3.4 | 0.42 |
| Thoracic tube | 19.4 | 19 | 20 | 0.83 |
| Craniotomy | 3.4 | 2.9 | 5.2 | 0.08 |
| ORIF | 16 | 16 | 15.5 | 0.82 |
| Intubation | 32 | 30 | 39 | 0.009 |
| Thoracotomy | 4.4 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 0.92 |
| Chest AIS | 3(1 - 9) | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 0.74 |
| ISS | 19 ± 10.7 | 18.6 ± 10.3 | 20.6 ± 11.9 | 0.02 |
| Pneumonia | 4.8 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 0.76 |
Abbreviations: AIS, abbreviated injury scale; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CT, computed tomography; MVC, motor vehicle crash; ORIF, open reduction internal fixation; PMVA, pedestrian-motor vehicle accidents; SD, standard deviation.
aValues are presented as mean ± SD or %.
bPrior lung diseases, history of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.