Table A1. Univariate Analysis of Patient Variables Associated with DVT in Orthopaedic Trauma.
| Demographics | No DVT a | DVT a | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency | N = 55826 (%) | N = 473 (%) | NA |
| Gender | 0.1805 | ||
| Male | 19755 (35.39) | 320 (67.65) | |
| Female | 36071 (64.61) | 153 (32.35) | |
| Race | < 0.0001 b | ||
| White | 40570 (72.67) | 384 (81.18) | |
| Black | 2759 (4.94) | 28 (5.92) | |
| Other | 12497 (22.39) | 61 (12.90) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.4724 | ||
| Non-Hispanic | 42322 (75.81) | 407 (86.05) | |
| Hispanic | 2964 (5.31) | 24 (5.07) | |
| (Not specified) | 10540 (18.88) | 42 (8.88) | |
| Age c | 72 (54 - 85) | 79 (67 - 86) | <0.0001 b |
| BMI c | 25 (21.0 - 29.5) | 25.4 (21.9 - 29.6) | 0.0377 b |
| Diabetes | 0.01 b | ||
| No | 46894 (84.00) | 373 (78.86) | |
| Non-Insulin | 4889 (8.76) | 55 (11.63) | |
| Insulin | 4043 (7.24) | 45 (9.51) | |
| Smoker | 9736 (17.44) | 60 (12.68) | 0.0079 b |
| Alcohol | 964 (1.73) | 8 (1.69) | 1 |
| Dyspnea | 0.0191 b | ||
| No | 52208 (93.52) | 430 (90.91) | |
| Moderate Exertion | 3054 (5.47) | 33 (6.98) | |
| Rest | 564 (1.01) | 10 (2.11) | |
| Functional Status 1 | 0.5678 | ||
| Independent | 5922 (10.61) | 57 (12.05) | |
| Partially Dependent | 798 (1.43) | 10 (2.11) | |
| Totally Dependent | 118 (0.21) | 2 (0.42) | |
| Functional Status 2 | < 0.0001 b | ||
| Independent | 44335 (79.42) | 336 (71.04) | |
| Partially Dependent | 9142 (16.38) | 102 (21.56) | |
| Totally Dependent | 1844 (3.30) | 32 (6.77) | |
| Ventilator | 104 (0.19) | 7 (1.48) | < 0.0001 b |
| COPD | 4448 (7.97) | 41 (8.67) | 0.6349 |
| Pneumonia | 135 (0.24) | 3 (0.63) | 0.1941 |
| Ascites | 103 (0.18) | 6 (1.27) | < 0.0001 b |
| Esophageal Varices | 24 (0.04) | 0 | 1 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 1223 (2.19) | 14 (2.96) | 0.3277 |
| Myocardial Infarction | 208 (0.37) | 3 (0.63) | 0.553 |
| Percutaneous Coronary Intervention | 1196 (2.14) | 12 (2.54) | 0.5965 |
| Cardiac Surgery | 1242 (2.22) | 13 (2.75) | 0.4724 |
| Angina | 178 (0.32) | 3 (0.63) | 0.3989 |
| Hypertension Medication | 29729 (53.25) | 320 (67.65) | < 0.0001 b |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 612 (1.10) | 4 (0.85) | 0.8055 |
| Gangrene | 334 (0.60) | 6 (1.27) | 0.1151 |
| Renal Failure | 301 (0.54) | 10 (2.11) | < 0.0001 b |
| Dialysis | 907 (1.62) | 13 (2.75) | 0.0823 |
| Impaired Sensorium | 347 (0.62) | 4 (0.85) | 0.7082 |
| Coma | 3 (0.01) | 0 | 1 |
| Hemiplegia | 335 (0.60) | 7 (1.48) | 0.0252 b |
| Transient Ischemic Attacks | 881 (1.58) | 5 (1.06) | 0.5044 |
| Cerebrovascular Accident with Deficit | 911 (1.63) | 13 (2.75) | 0.0655 |
| CVA without Deficit | 803 (1.44) | 11 (2.33) | 0.1283 |
| CNS Tumor | 51 (0.09) | 0 | 1 |
| Paraplegia | 130 (0.23) | 1 (0.21) | 1 |
| Quadriplegia | 29 (0.05) | 0 | 1 |
| Disseminated Cancer | 1253 (2.24) | 25 (5.29) | < 0.0001 b |
| Open wound or Infection | 3782 (6.77) | 45 (9.51) | 0.0235 b |
| Steroids | 2325 (4.16) | 37 (7.82) | 0.0001 b |
| Weight Loss | 551 (0.99) | 10 (2.11) | 0.0261 b |
| Bleeding Disorders | 5985 (10.72) | 72 (15.22) | 0.0021 b |
| Transfusion | 1964 (3.52) | 28 (5.92) | 0.0071 b |
| Chemotherapy | 227 (0.41) | 4 (0.85) | 0.2375 |
| Radiotherapy | 110 (0.20) | 4 (0.85) | 0.0075 b |
| Preoperative Sepsis | < 0.0001 b | ||
| Sepsis | 564 (1.01) | 12 (2.54) | |
| Septic Shock | 89 (0.16) | 5 (1.06) | |
| SIRS | 3752 (6.72) | 53 (11.21) | |
| Prior operation within 30 Days | 538 (0.96) | 15 (3.17) | < 0.0001 b |
| ASA classification | < 0.0001 b | ||
| 1 | 5431 (9.73) | 15 (3.17) | |
| 2 | 17656 (31.63) | 101 (21.35) | |
| 3 | 26107 (46.76) | 253 (53.49) | |
| 4 | 6586 (11.80) | 104 (21.99) | |
| 5 | 46 (0.08) | 0 | |
| Operation Time | 68 (47 - 99) | 74 (49 - 113) | 0.0015 |
| Injury Location | < 0.0001 b | ||
| Upper Extremity | 11554 (20.69) | 30 (6.34) | |
| Lower Extremity | 43498 (77.92) | 437 (92.39) | |
| Pelvis | 774 (1.39) | 6 (1.27) | |
| Pulmonary Embolism | 230 (0.41) | 42 (8.88) | <0.001 b |
Abbreviation: NA, not available.
a Values are presented as No (%).
b Significant P values are indicated with asterisks.
c Values are presented as mean (range).