(a).
| Gender | Age | Disease onset age | Disease duration | HY | Clinical subtype | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (n = 105) | Female (n = 163) | ≤64 (n = 35) | ≥65 (n = 233) | ≤50 (n = 20) | ≥65 (n = 165) | ≤5 (n = 120) |
6–10 (n = 68) | >10 (n = 72) | ≤2.5 (n = 98) | ≥3 (n = 164) |
Tremor (n = 110) | Hypokinesia (n = 77) |
PIGD (n = 73) |
|
| (1.1) Cognitive impairment | 75.2% | 73.6% | 51.4% | 77.7%∗∗ | 60.0% | 78.7% | 70.8% | 72.1% | 81.3% | 62.4% | 81.1%∗∗ | 69.1% | 74.0% | 82.2% |
| (1.2) Hallucinations and psychosis | 14.3% | 13.5% | 11.4% | 77.7% | 20.0% | 10.9% | 7.5% | 16.2% | 21.3%∗ | 8.2% | 17.1%∗ | 10.0% | 13.0% | 20.5% |
| (1.3) Depressed mood | 49.5% | 68.1%∗∗ | 62.9% | 60.5% | 75.0% | 60.6% | 60.0% | 48.5% | 72.5%∗ | 50.0% | 66.9%∗∗ | 57.3% | 59.7% | 68.5% |
| (1.4) Anxious mood | 45.7% | 63.2%∗∗ | 69.7% | 55.2% | 55.0% | 52.7% | 52.9% | 55.9% | 62.5% | 58.2% | 55.8% | 53.6% | 54.5% | 65.8% |
| (1.5) Apathy | 38.1% | 50.3% | 48.6% | 45.3% | 45.0% | 43.9% | 39.5% | 44.1% | 56.3% | 40.8% | 48.5% | 43.1% | 41.6% | 56.2% |
| (1.6) ICDs | 9.5% | 6.7% | 14.3% | 6.9% | 20%∗ | 4.9% | 4.2% | 10.3%∗ | 11.3%∗ | 6.1% | 9.1% | 6.4% | 10.4% | 8.2% |
| (1.7) Nighttime sleep problems | 69.5% | 73.0% | 74.3% | 71.2% | 85% | 67.3% | 63.3% | 73.5% | 82.5%∗ | 70.4% | 73.8% | 69.1% | 74.0% | 78.1% |
| (1.8) Daytime sleepiness | 70.5%∗ | 56.4% | 45.7% | 63.4%∗ | 50% | 61.8% | 52.5% | 66.2% | 72.5%∗ | 48.9% | 70.1%∗∗ | 55.5% | 62.3% | 74.0%∗ |
| (1.9) Pain | 51.4% | 72.4%∗∗∗ | 54.3% | 65.7% | 65.0% | 64.6% | 61.3% | 61.8% | 72.2% | 56.7% | 70.7%∗ | 63.3% | 67.1% | 69.9% |
| (1.10) Urinary problems | 77.1% | 68.1% | 60.0% | 74.0% | 65.0% | 70.3% | 66.7% | 70.6% | 80.0% | 56.1% | 80.5%∗∗∗ | 64.5% | 74.0% | 79.5% |
| (1.11) Constipation problems | 60.0% | 57.1% | 37.1% | 61.4%∗∗ | 30.0% | 61.6%∗∗ | 55.0% | 55.9% | 65.0% | 53.1% | 62.2% | 53.6% | 58.4% | 67.1% |
| (1.12) Lightheadedness on standing | 42.9% | 58.3%∗ | 48.6% | 52.8% | 40.0% | 55.2% | 50.8% | 51.5% | 55.0% | 46.9% | 55.5%∗∗∗ | 50.9% | 48.1% | 61.6% |
| (1.13) Fatigue | 67.7%∗∗ | 46.0% | 70.6% | 68.7% | 89.5%∗ | 63.6% | 59.2% | 71.6% | 81.3%∗∗ | 56.7% | 75.6%∗∗ | 59.6% | 70.1% | 80.8%∗ |
∗ p < 0.05; ∗∗ p < 0.01; ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.
Chi-squared test for all the differences in the frequency of individual nonmotor symptoms, except Fischer exact test in the frequency of (1): (1.2), (1.3), (1.5), (1.7), (1.13) among age onset groups; (2): (1.2) among age and HY groups; and (3): 1.6 among age, disease onset age, disease duration and HY groups.
HY Hoehn and Yahr stage; ICDs impulse control disorders; PIGD postural instability and gait disorder.