Table 2.
Assessment of CPR skills directly after app-based or DVD-based training (baseline) and at 6 months (retest)
| App, baseline (N=524) | DVD, baseline (N=537) | p Value | App, retest (N=549) | DVD, retest (N=575) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Checks responsiveness by talking | ||||||
| 2: Yes | 241 (46) | 354 (66) | <0.001 | 127 (23) | 213 (37) | <0.001 |
| 1: No | 283 (54) | 183 (34) | 422 (77) | 362 (63) | ||
| Checks responsiveness by shaking | ||||||
| 3: Yes | 353 (67) | 376 (70) | NS | 164 (30) | 219 (38) | 0.004 |
| 2: No | 169 (32) | 160 (30) | 385 (70) | 356 (62) | ||
| 1: Potentially dangerous | 2 (<1) | 1 (<1) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Open airway—chin lift, head tilt | ||||||
| 5: Perfect | 6 (1) | 23 (4) | <0.001 | 3 (1) | 9 (2) | <0.001 |
| 4: Acceptable | 46 (9) | 110 (20) | 9 (2) | 17 (3) | ||
| 3: Attempted other | 3 (<1) | 1 (<1) | 0 | 1 (<1) | ||
| 2: Only one element | 130 (25) | 186 (35) | 18 (3) | 73 (13) | ||
| 1: No | 339 (65) | 217 (40) | 519 (94) | 475 (83) | ||
| Checks respiration—see, listen, feel | ||||||
| 2: Yes | 388 (74) | 396 (74) | NS | 225 (41) | 327 (57) | NS |
| 1: No | 136 (26) | 141 (26) | 324 (59) | 248 (43) | ||
| Dials 112 | ||||||
| 2: Yes | 396 (76) | 431 (80) | NS | 411 (75) | 458 (80) | NS |
| 1: No | 128 (24) | 106 (20) | 138 (25) | 117 (20) | ||
| Compression/ventilation ratio | ||||||
| 4: 30:2 (28–32:2) | 182 (35) | 292 (54) | <0.001 | 165 (30) | 233 (40) | <0.001 |
| 3: Other ratio | 299 (57) | 230 (43) | 319 (58) | 304 (53) | ||
| 2: Compressions only | 43 (8) | 15 (3) | 65 (12) | 38 (7) | ||
| 1: Ventilations only | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Hand position during compression | ||||||
| 4: Correct | 50 (10) | 68 (13) | NS | 29 (5) | 25 (4) | NS |
| 3: Other wrong | 312 (60) | 333 (62) | 250 (46) | 299 (52) | ||
| 2: Too low | 162 (31) | 136 (25) | 270 (49) | 251 (44) | ||
| 1: Not attempted | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Average compression depth (mm) | ||||||
| 6: 50 to 59 | 100 (19) | 114 (21) | NS | 183 (33) | 224 (39) | 0.031 |
| 5: ≥60 | 5 (1) | 2 (<1) | 8 (2) | 15 (3) | ||
| 4: 35 to 49 | 255 (49) | 271 (50) | 239 (44) | 242 (42) | ||
| 2: 1 to 34 | 164 (31) | 150 (28) | 119 (22) | 93 (16) | ||
| 1: Not attempted | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Total compression counted | ||||||
| 6: 140 to 190 | 179 (34) | 240 (45) | <0.001 | 186 (34) | 211 (37) | 0.013 |
| 5: ≥191 | 266 (51) | 223 (42) | 253 (46) | 285 (50) | ||
| 4: 121 to 139 | 29 (6) | 42 (8) | 51 (9) | 37 (6) | ||
| 3: 81 to 120 | 36 (7) | 19 (4) | 43 (8) | 38 (7) | ||
| 2: 1 to 80 | 14 (3) | 13 (2) | 16 (3) | 4 (1) | ||
| 1: Not attempted | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Average ventilation volume (mL) | ||||||
| 5: 500 to 600 | 27 (5) | 31 (6) | <0.001 | 19 (4) | 22 (4) | <0.001 |
| 4: 1 to 499 | 43 (8) | 59 (11) | 50 (9) | 49 (8) | ||
| 3: ≥601 | 207 (40) | 357 (66) | 188 (34) | 262 (46) | ||
| 2: 0 | 204 (39) | 75 (14) | 225 (41) | 204 (36) | ||
| 1: Not attempted | 43 (8) | 15 (3) | 67 (12) | 38 (7) | ||
| Total ventilation counted | ||||||
| 5: 8 to 12 | 117 (22) | 249 (46) | <0.001 | 98 (18) | 139 (24) | 0.001 |
| 4: 1 to 7 | 112 (21) | 130 (24) | 81 (15) | 94 (16) | ||
| 3: ≥13 | 48 (9) | 68 (13) | 78 (14) | 100 (17) | ||
| 2: 0 | 204 (39) | 75 (14) | 225 (41) | 204 (36) | ||
| 1: Not attempted | 43 (8) | 15 (3) | 67 (12) | 38 (7) | ||
| Total ‘hands-off’ time (s) | ||||||
| 4: 0–60 | 122 (23) | 56 (10) | <0.001 | 196 (36) | 164 (28) | 0.018 |
| 3: 61–90 | 302 (58) | 355 (66) | 278 (51) | 339 (59) | ||
| 2: 91–135 | 97 (18) | 117 (22) | 71 (13) | 71 (12) | ||
| 1: 136–180 | 3 (1) | 9 (2) | 4 (1) | 1 (<1) | ||
| Total score | 33 (30–36) | 36 (33–38) | <0.001 | 31 (28–34) | 33.0 (30–36) | <0.001 |
Results are presented as n (%) or median (25th–75th centile). Differences in proportions between groups were analysed by Pearson χ2 test. Differences in total score between intervention groups were analysed by Mann-Whitney U test. p Values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. The table lists the variable's best option at the top. All numbers are rounded to the nearest even integer.
CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; NS, not significant.