Figure 2.

Gross pathology. (a) Thin encapsulation tissue of LN-LSMA at 37 days that appears continuous with both arachnoid and dura. (b) Bed of encapsulation tissue underneath SCT-RVI at 99 days. (c) Fibrous sheaths around electrode tracts penetrating the cortex from the below tissue seen in (b). (d) GAR-RMI in vivo at 554 days after overlying dura has been cut away. (e) Friable, inflamed tissue underneath GAR-RMI (f) Tissue adherent to the underside of GAR-RMI. (g) GAR-RPMv in vivo at 554 days after opening dural capsule. (h) Thick bed of encapsulation tissue underneath GAR-RPMv. (i) Thick fibrous sheaths around electrode tracts were seen diving down into the cortex as the tissue bed from (h) was reflected. (j) At 639 days, LA-LMI4 was completely encapsulated by dura and much of the array was extradural. (k) RUS-LPMv2 was entirely wrapped in dura and partially extruded from the cortex at 994 days. (l) Highly-vascularized bed of thick encapsulation tissue continuous with the dura found below RUS-LPFv2 at 994 days. (m) LA-LPE3 in vivo at 1051 days. The cut edges of the dura are visible on either side of the wire bundle and encapsulation tissue covers the array. (n) Microsurgical dissection of the capsule from (m), showing that it is more like dura than arachnoid. (o) Once the array from (n) was removed, a thick bed of encapsulation tissue was seen below and was clearly continuous with the dura.