Figure 1.

Model for glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1)/cholecystokinin (CCK)‐mediated β‐cell survival in obesity. Our recent data suggest that in obesity, GLP‐1 produced from the α‐cell rapidly stimulates production and secretion of CCK through direct targeting in the β‐cell. We hypothesize that β‐cell CCK mediates survival through autocrine/paracrine signaling and could also further stimulate α‐cell production of GLP‐1 to create a positive feedback loop. cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; CREB, cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein.