Fig. 4.

Impact of GO nanosheets on the order parameters and diffusion coefficients of the PS film. (a, b) The order parameters of lipid molecules’ hydrophobic tails are used to color the Voronoi lattices. Data of pure PS and PS affected by 10 × 10 nm² monolayer GO are shown. The blue box represents the position of the GO nanosheet. Lipids near the pore in the GO system exhibit very low order parameters, indicating that they are largely disordered and are in a liquid expanded phase. (c) The order parameters of DPPC beads averaged over all the PS films. Data of pure PS and PS affected by all the four types of GO nanosheets are plotted. GO nanosheets hardly change the overall order parameters. (d) Impact of GO nanosheets on diffusion coefficients of PS. For pure PS and PS affected by 4 types of GO, diffusion coefficients of 5 components of the PS film are shown. An error estimate is given based on a block average over 5 blocks. In general, for all five PS components, all types of GO nanosheets reduce the diffusion coefficients by at least one order of magnitude.