Table 1.
Multilevel Model Results of Situation-Specific (Being Alone vs. Not) and Person-Specific Characteristics on Positive and Negative Affect
| Fixed effects | Model 3 | Model 4 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| γ (SE) | 95% CI
|
γ (SE) | 95% CI
|
|||
| Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | |||
| PA, γ10 | 3.22(.07)*** | 3.09 | 3.35 | 3.24(.06)*** | 3.12 | 3.36 |
| NA, γ20 | 1.44(.06)*** | 1.33 | 1.55 | 1.44(.05)*** | 1.33 | 1.55 |
| PA × Time, γ30 | −.02(.01)** | −.03 | −.01 | −.02(.01)** | −03 | −.01 |
| NA × Time, γ40 | −.01(.01) | −.02 | .003 | −.01(.01) | −.02 | .003 |
| PA × Alone, γ50 | −.10(.03)** | −.17 | −.03 | −.09(.04)* | −.16 | −.01 |
| NA × Alone, γ60 | .02(.03) | −.04 | .09 | .002(.03) | −.06 | .06 |
| PA × Gender, γ70 | -- | -- | -- | −.08(.12) | −.31 | .16 |
| NA × Gender, γ80 | -- | -- | -- | −.05(.10) | −.25 | .16 |
| PA × Neuro, γ90 | -- | -- | -- | −.04(.01)** | −.06 | −.01 |
| NA × Neuro, γ100 | -- | -- | -- | .02(.01) | −.004 | .04 |
| PA × CES-D, γ110 | -- | -- | -- | −.04(.02)* | −.08 | −.003 |
| NA × CES-D, γ120 | -- | -- | -- | .01(.02) | −.02 | .04 |
| PA × Chronic, γ130 | -- | -- | -- | −.03(.04) | −.11 | .05 |
| NA × Chronic, γ140 | -- | -- | -- | −.02(.04) | −.09 | .05 |
| PA × Loneliness, γ150 | -- | -- | -- | .05(.09) | −.12 | .22 |
| NA × Loneliness, γ160 | -- | -- | -- | .17(.08)* | .02 | .32 |
| PA × Alone × Gender, γ170 | -- | -- | -- | −.04(.07) | −.19 | .10 |
| NA × Alone × Gender, γ180 | -- | -- | -- | .10(.06) | −.02 | .23 |
| PA × Alone × Neuro, γ190 | -- | -- | -- | −.004(.01) | −.02 | .01 |
| NA × Alone × Neuro, γ200 | -- | -- | -- | .01(.01)* | .001 | .03 |
| PA × Alone × CES-D, γ210 | -- | -- | -- | −.01(.01) | −.03 | .01 |
| NA × Alone × CES-D, γ220 | -- | -- | -- | .01(.01) | −.01 | .03 |
| PA × Alone × Chronic, γ230 | -- | -- | -- | .01(.03) | −.04 | .06 |
| NA × Alone × Chronic, γ240 | -- | -- | -- | −.01(.02) | −.05 | .03 |
| PA × Alone × Lonely, γ250 | -- | -- | -- | −.05(.05) | −.15 | .05 |
| NA × Alone × Lonely, γ260 | -- | -- | -- | .03(.04) | −.06 | .12 |
|
| ||||||
| Goodness-of-fit
| ||||||
| Deviance | 7095.2 | 7039.4 | ||||
| AIC | 7135.2 | 7119.4 | ||||
| BIC | 7181.3 | 7211.5 | ||||
Note.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01
***
p < .001.
SE = standard error; Neuro = Neuroticism; Chronic = Chronic health conditions; AR(1) = First-order auto-regression; AIC = Akaike information criterion; BIC = Bayesian information criterion. Gender was coded −.5 = men and .5 = women. CES-D, neuroticism, chronic health conditions, and loneliness were grand-mean centered.
Results of random effects were not shown for simplicity. Results of random effects can be provided upon request.