Biochemical analysis of the recombinant VuFDH protein. A, SDS-PAGE gel showing the HisTrap FF affinity-purified His-tagged VuFDH protein stained with Coomassie Blue. Marker, molecular weight markers; VuFDH-f, His-tagged full-length VuFDH; VuFDH-a, His-tagged VuFDH lacking the signal peptide. B, Substrate specificity of VuFDH. Formate dehydrogenase activities were determined at pH 7.0, with various substrates at concentrations of 50 mm.