Xylan XylT activity of MMs from N. benthamiana leaves expressing combinations of IRX9, IRX10, and IRX14 genes from asparagus. Asparagus xylan synthase proteins (AoIRX9, AoIRX9L, AoIRX10, AoIRX14A, and AoIRX14B) were expressed in N. benthamiana leaves alone and/or in various combinations, and the MMs were isolated and assayed for xylan XylT activity. N. benthamiana leaves expressing VENUS and native asparagus MMs were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. A, XylT products were fractionated by reverse-phase (RP)-HPLC and detected with a fluorescence detector. Xylooligosaccharides labeled with AA (Xyl1–6-AA) were used as standards. The numbers on the plots indicate the degree of polymerization of xylooligosaccharides. B, Xylan XylT was measured using UDP-[14C]Xyl as the donor and Xyl5-AA as the acceptor. Values represent means ± se of three biological replicates.