Table 2.

Human lung diseases associated with decreased levels of SPMs

SPM	Disease	Finding	Reference
Resolvin E1	Cystic Fibrosis	Decreased RvE1 in CF patients with lower lung function	Yang et al 2012
Protectin D1	Asthma Exacerbation	Decreased PD1 in uncontrolled asthma Decreased PD1 in eosinophils in severe asthma	Levy et al 2007 Miyata et al 2013
Lipoxin A4	Severe Asthma	Decreased LXA4 biosynthesis in severe asthma (blood, sputum, BAL); Lower LXA4 levels in exhaled breath condensates correlates with worse lung function	Levy et al 2005; Vachier et al 2005; Celik et al 2007; Planaguma et al 2008; Bhavsar et al 2010; We et al 2010; Fritscher et al 2012; Kazani et al 2013.
	Asthma Exacerbation	Decreased LXA4 in exhaled breath condensates during exacerbation	Hasan et al 2012
	Exercise-induced Asthma	Decreased LXA4 in plasma of children with exercise induced bronchospasm	Tahan et al 2008
	Aspirin-intolerant asthma	Decreased lipoxins in aspirin-intolerant asthmatics compared to aspirin tolerant asthmatics	Sanak et al 2000; Celik et al 2007; Yamaguchi et al 2011
	COPD	Reduced LXA4 detected in exhaled breath condensates; serum amyloid A opposes LXA4 at ALX	Fritscher et al 2012; Bozinovski et al 2012
	Cystic Fibrosis	Decreased LXA4 production and defective lipoxin activity	Karp et al 2004; Chiron et al 2008; Mattoscio et al 2010; Yang et al 2012
	Pleural Effusions	LXA4 present in exudative effusions and correlates with neutrophils	Levy et al 2001
	Lung Transplant	LXA4 present in BAL fluid during rejection	Levy et al 2011
	Scleroderma	Decreased LXA4 levels in BAL of patients with scleroderma lung disease	Kowal-Bielecka et al 2005