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. 2016 Feb;13(2):126–131. doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2016.02.010

Table 2. Major demographics and CPX results according to age-groups – women (n = 588).

Age groups Younger (n = 101) Middle-aged (n = 338) Older (n = 149) P
Characteristics
Age (yrs) 28 ± 5 48 ± 7 70 ± 7 < 0.01
Weight (kg) 63.5 ± 12.8 66.7 ± 12.2 69.6 ± 12.8 < 0.05*
Height (cm) 164.0 ± 5.6 163.7 ± 6.2 158.9 ± 5.9 < 0.01*
BMI (kg/m2) 23.5 ± 4.4 24.9 ± 4.5 27.6 ± 5.0 < 0.05
Predicted VO2max [mL·(kg·min)−1] 38.2 ± 3.2 30.4 ± 2.8 22.1 ± 2.8 < 0.01
Predicted HRmax (bpm) 188 ± 4 174 ± 5 159 ± 5 < 0.01
β -blocker usage (%) 4.0 42.6 33.6
CPX Results
Duration (min) 9 ± 2 10 ± 3 7 ± 2 < 0.01*
HRmax (bpm) 184 ± 10 166 ± 17 137 ± 24 < 0.01
HRmax measured/predicted (%) 97.6 ± 4.9 95.0 ± 9.3 86.1 ± 13.7 < 0.01*
Maximum workload (Watts) 136 ± 34 123 ± 42 67 ± 22 < 0.01
Maximum RER 1.15 ± 0.08 1.15 ± 0.12 1.15 ± 0.11 > 0.05
Measured VO2max [mL·(kg·min)−1) 29.9 ± 7.3 26.2 ± 8.4 15.8 ± 4.5 < 0.01
Measured/predicted VO2max (%) 78.7 ± 20.6 86.4 ± 26.5 71.5 ± 17.8 < 0.05¢
Estimated VO2max [mL·(kg·min)−1] 28.6 ± 5.9 25.6 ± 6.8 16.6 ± 3.2 < 0.01
Error of estimate (EE) [mL·(kg·min)−1] 1.2 ± 3.1 0.7 ± 2.8 −0.8 ± 2.3 < 0.01*
Percent error (%E) 2.7 ± 10.0 0.5 ± 11.1 −9.5 ± 22.4 < 0.01*

Data are expressed as mean ± SD. *non significant when comparing Younger and Middle-aged groups; ¢non significant when comparing Younger and Older groups. BMI: Body Mass Index; CPX: cardiopulmonary exercise testing; HR: heart rate; RER: respiratory exchange ratio.